Practical Low-Cost Methods for Reliable PCB Production This book explains how to carry out reliable SMD assembly using affordable tools and small-scale equipment. It follows the complete workflow step by step, including tool selection, solder paste handling, stencil use, component placement, reflow methods, inspection, and rework. The focus is on bench-level and small-lab production rather than industrial assembly lines. It shows practical methods for building single and double-sided SMD boards with repeatable results. Topics include solder paste and flux, temperature profiles, hot air and hotplate techniques, small reflow ovens, inspection methods, and defect correction. Checklists and example workflows are included to help reduce errors and improve consistency. Key features: Tools and supplies for SMD assembly and rework Solder paste types, storage, and handling Stencils and paste application methods Pick and place workflow and component orientation Temperature profiles and reflow methods Hot air, hotplate, and reflow oven processes Inspection and quality control Common defects such as tombstoning and solder bridges Practical rework and component replacement Bench-level professional workflows and checklists This book is designed as a practical bench reference for anyone who wants to assemble and troubleshoot their own SMD boards with reliable results.

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Het boek Programmeerbare Logica neemt je mee op een ontdekkingstocht door de wereld van de digitale elektronica. Na het leggen van een grondige basis is er uitgebreid aandacht voor het maken van logische circuits. Auteur Vincent Himpe toont o.a. hoe je met bestaande bouwstenen logische elektronica systemen maakt. Hij laat verder zien hoe je om gaat met de interfacing met de buitenwereld. Hierbij komen stroomvoorziening, bord layout en beveiliging uitvoerig aan bod.Moderne logische systemen zijn zo complex dat het ontwerpen met kleine bouwstenen zoals losse poortjes, flipflops en tellers een haast onbegonnen zaak geworden is. Daarom gaat Himpe in de tweede helft van het boek in op de programmeerbare logica zoals CPLD en FPGA. Hij belicht een ontwerpmethode waarmee je snel de brug slaat tussen het klassieke ontwerp en het ontwerp in FPGA.Naast schematisch ontwerp komt ook het ontwerpen met synthesetalen zoals Verilog en VHDL aan de orde. Ter afsluiting wordt een project (een klok met alarmfunctie) geïmplementeerd in Verilog en VHDL.Ook het fysieke ontwerp met deze logische componenten komt aan bod. Hoe programmeer je deze en wat zijn de randvoorwaarden zoals stroomvoorziening en signaalconditionering. De inhoud van het boek is 'state of the art'. En alles wat besproken wordt is direct implementeerbaar met de gratis ontwikkelomgeving Quartus van Altera.Over de auteur:Vincent Himpe (B) leeft sinds 2005 in San Jose – hartje Silicon Valley – en werkt aan de ontwikkeling van nieuwe harddisktechnologie en de chips.Himpe heeft meerdere patenten en over de jaren verschillende artikelen gepubliceerd in onder andere IMeko / TSCC, The Journal of Computer Standards AND Interfaces, Elektor en EDN. Hij is ook auteur van de bestseller 'Visual Basic for electronic engineering applications' uitgegeven door Elektor.

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With Examples for Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Programming small electronic systems has never been more accessible. Tasks that once demanded expensive tools, specialized hardware, and deep electrical engineering expertise can now be tackled with low-cost development boards and approachable software. At the centre of this shift is the Arduino environment, which provides a unified and familiar way to program a wide range of microcontroller platforms—from classic AVR boards like the Arduino UNO to modern ARM-based boards such as the Raspberry Pi Pico, and powerful Wi-Fi-enabled devices like the ESP32. This book introduces embedded programming through the core idea that defines all microcontrollers: reading inputs, processing information, and controlling outputs in a predictable loop. The Arduino environment abstracts much of the hardware complexity, allowing you to focus on behaviour rather than implementation details. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, control motors, and communicate with other devices. While the Arduino UNO, Raspberry Pi Pico, and ESP32 boards differ greatly in performance and features, they share the same fundamental building blocks: digital and analog I/O, timers, serial communication, PWM, interrupts, and power management. Learning these concepts within the Arduino framework builds skills that transfer easily across platforms and scale toward more advanced applications. By exploring multiple boards while maintaining a consistent programming approach, this book helps you progress from simple experiments to confidently produce well-structured designs—showing that embedded development can be both practical and enjoyable.

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With Examples for Raspberry Pi Pico and ESP32 Creating and programming small electronic systems is now easier than ever before. With inexpensive development boards and modern software tools, anyone curious about embedded design can quickly move from an idea to a working piece of hardware. At the heart of this change is MicroPython—a clear, interactive, and beginner-friendly way to program microcontrollers while still remaining closely connected to the underlying electronics. This book introduces embedded programming through MicroPython on popular platforms such as the Raspberry Pi Pico and the ESP32. You will discover how to use microcontrollers for reading inputs, processing data, and controlling outputs in a predictable, real-time loop. With just a few lines of code, you can blink LEDs, read sensors, drive motors, and communicate with the outside world. The interactive REPL programming interface encourages experimentation and fast learning, making concepts tangible from the very first chapter. While different boards offer different capabilities, they all share the same core principles. Timers, GPIO, analog I/O, PWM, interrupts, and communication interfaces form the foundation of every embedded system. By focusing on these universal building blocks, this book helps you build skills that transfer across platforms and scale naturally toward more advanced development. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced programmer entering embedded systems, you will find that working with MicroPython is both practical and genuinely enjoyable.

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Programming the Finite State Machine with 8-Bit PICs in Assembly and C Andrew Pratt provides a detailed introduction to programming PIC microcontrollers, as well as a thorough overview of the Finite State Machine (FSM) approach to programming. Most of the book uses assembly programming, but do not be deterred. The FSM gives a structure to a program, making it easy to plan, write, and modify. The last two chapters introduce programming in C, so you can make a direct comparison between the two techniques. The book references the relevant parts of the Microchip datasheet as familiarity with it is the best way to discover detailed information. This book is aimed at Microsoft Windows and Linux users. To keep your costs to a minimum and to simplify the toolchain, specific applications are provided as a free download to enable you to use an FTDI serial lead as the programmer. The assembler used is the open-source "gpasm". All programming can be done in a text editor. There are detailed instructions on how to perform the necessary installations on Windows, Linux Debian, and derivatives such as Ubuntu and Fedora. For programming in C, Microchip's XC8 compiler is used from the command line. In addition to the programming applications, two serial read and serial write applications can be used for communicating with the PICs from a computer. A voltmeter project including practical instructions on building a circuit board from scratch is included. All theory is covered beforehand, including how to do integer arithmetic in assembly. Two PICs are covered: the PIC12F1822 and the PIC16F1823. Both can run at 32 MHz with an internal oscillator. You do not need to buy a factory-made development board and programmer. With relatively inexpensive parts including a serial lead, microcontroller, a few resistors, and LEDs, you can get started exploring embedded programming. Links Updated Programmer

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Learn programming for Alexa devices, extend it to smart home devices and control the Raspberry Pi The book is split into two parts: the first part covers creating Alexa skills and the second part, designing Internet of Things and Smart Home devices using a Raspberry Pi. The first chapters describe the process of Alexa communication, opening an Amazon account and creating a skill for free. The operation of an Alexa skill and terminology such as utterances, intents, slots, and conversations are explained. Debugging your code, saving user data between sessions, S3 data storage and Dynamo DB database are discussed. In-skill purchasing, enabling users to buy items for your skill as well as certification and publication is outlined. Creating skills using AWS Lambda and ASK CLI is covered, along with the Visual Studio code editor and local debugging. Also covered is the process of designing skills for visual displays and interactive touch designs using Alexa Presentation Language. The second half of the book starts by creating a Raspberry Pi IoT 'thing' to control a robot from your Alexa device. This covers security issues and methods of sending and receiving MQTT messages between an Alexa device and the Raspberry Pi. Creating a smart home device is described including forming a security profile, linking with Amazon, and writing a Lambda function that gets triggered by an Alexa skill. Device discovery and on/off control is demonstrated. Next, readers discover how to control a smart home Raspberry Pi display from an Alexa skill using Simple Queue Service (SQS) messaging to switch the display on and off or change the color. A node-RED design is discussed from the basic user interface right up to configuring MQTT nodes. MQTT messages sent from a user are displayed on a Raspberry Pi. A chapter discusses sending a proactive notification such as a weather alert from a Raspberry Pi to an Alexa device. The book concludes by explaining how to create Raspberry Pi as a stand-alone Alexa device.

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Design IoT Projects with Raspberry Pi, Arduino and ESP32 The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a major application area for embedded systems. As a result, more and more people are becoming interested in learning about embedded design and programming. Technical colleges and universities are moving away from legacy 8 and 16-bit microcontrollers and are introducing 32-bit embedded microcontrollers to their curriculums. Many IoT applications demand precision, high processing power, and low power consumption. Produced by IBM, Node-RED is an open-source visual editor for wiring the Internet of Things. Node-RED comes with a large number of nodes to handle a multitude of tasks. The required nodes are selected and joined together to perform a particular task. Node-RED is based on flow type programming where nodes are configured and joined together to form an application program. There are nodes for performing complex tasks, including web access, Twitter, E-mail, HTTP, Bluetooth, MQTT, controlling GPIO ports, etc. One particularly nice aspect of Node-RED is that the programmer does not need to learn how to write complex programs. For example, an email can be sent by simply joining nodes together and writing only a few lines of code. The aim of this book is to teach how Node-RED can be used in projects. The main hardware platform used with most of the projects in this book is Raspberry Pi 4. Chapters are included to show how Node-RED can be also be used with Arduino Uno, ESP32 DevKitC, and the ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller development boards.

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STM32 Nucleo family of processors are manufactured by STMicroelectronics. These are low-cost ARM microcontroller development boards. This book is about developing projects using the popular Nucleo development board. In the early chapters of the book, the architecture of the Nucleo family is briefly described. Software development tools that can be used with the Nucleo boards such as the Mbed, Keil MDK, TrueSTUDIO, and the System Workbench are described briefly in later Chapters. The book covers many projects using most features of the STM32 Nucleo development boards where the full software listings for Mbed and System Workbench are given for every project. The projects range from simple flashing LEDs to more complex projects using modules and devices such as GPIO, ADC, DAC, I²C, LCD, analog inputs and others. In addition, several projects are given using the Nucleo Expansion Boards, including popular expansion boards such as solid-state relay, MEMS and environmental sensors, DC motor driver, Wi-Fi, and stepper motor driver. These Expansion Boards plug on top of the Nucleo development boards and simplify the task of project development considerably. Features of this book Learn the architecture of the STM32 microcontrollers Learn how to use the Nucleo development board in projects using Mbed and System Workbench Toolchains Learn how to use the Nucleo Expansion Boards with the Nucleo development boards Update The Mbed compiler has been replaced with two software packages: The Mbed Studio and Keil Studio Cloud. Both of these software packages are free of charge and are available on the Internet. If you need assistance using the Keil Studio Cloud, please download the Guide below.

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Learn to use Python productively in real-life scenarios at work and in everyday life If you have mastered the basics of Python and are wanting to explore the language in more depth, this book is for you. By means of concrete examples used in different applications, the book illustrates many aspects of programming (e.g. algorithms, recursion, data structures) and helps problem-solving strategies. Including general ideas and solutions, the specifics of Python and how these can be practically applied are discussed. Python 3 for Science and Engineering Applications includes: practical and goal-oriented learning basic Python techniques modern Python 3.6+ including comprehensions, decorators and generators complete code available online more than 40 exercises, solutions documented online no additional packages or installation required, 100% pure Python Topics cover: identifying large prime numbers and computing Pi writing and understanding recursive functions with memorisation computing in parallel and utilising all system cores processing text data and encrypting messages comprehending backtracking and solving Sudokus analysing and simulating games of chance to develop optimal winning strategies handling genetic code and generating extremely long palindromes Downloads Software

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This is the second edition of a book aimed at engineers, scientists, and hobbyists who want to interface PCs with hardware projects using graphical user interfaces. Desktop and web-based applications are covered. The programming language used is Python 3, which is one of the most popular languages around: speed of programming being a key feature. The book has been revised and updated with an emphasis on getting the user to produce practical designs with ease – a text editor is all that is required to produce Python programs. Hardware interfacing is achieved using an Arduino Uno as a remote slave. A full description and source code of the communication interface is given in the book. The slave provides digital and analog input and outputs. Multiple Unos can be included in one project with all control code written in Python and running on a PC One project involves a PIC microcontroller with the code provided that can be loaded into the PIC using the Uno. The web applications and server are all implemented in Python, allowing you to access your electronic hardware over the Internet. The Raspberry Pi computer can be used as your web server. An introductory chapter is provided to get you started with using Linux. The book is written for use with Debian or variations including Mint or Ubuntu. All of the programs in the book are freely available, ready to use and experiment with by way of a download from Elektor.

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De Quick 861DW is een geavanceerd Hot Air Rework Station met een verhittingsvermogen van 1000 W. Hij is ontworpen voor het professioneel solderen van elektronische SMD-componenten met behulp van loodvrij soldeer. Kenmerken Drie programmeerbare kanalen CH1, CH2 en CH3 (voor verschillend luchtvolume en temperatuur). Wachtwoordbeveiliging en een button lock functie. Een magnetische schakelaar in de houder kan het station automatisch in de slaapstand zetten wanneer hij niet in gebruik is. Eenvoudige real-time bediening, automatische sleep functie beschikbaar, parameters kunnen in de sleep modus worden ingesteld. Closed loop sensor, temperatuur geregeld door een micro computer; zero trigger, hoog vermogen, snelle temperatuurstijging, temperatuur kan eenvoudig en nauwkeurig worden aangepast, niet beïnvloed door de luchtstroom. Borstelloze vortex ventilator, groot bereik van de instelbare luchtstroom, geschikt voor vele toepassingen. Automatische koelfunctie beschikbaar, keramische verwarming met lange levensduur. Specificaties Vermogen 1000 W Werkspanning AC 200~240 V Temperatuurbereik 100-500°C Luchtvolume 1-120 class Luchtstroom 50 l/min (max) Afmetingen 188 x 245 x 135 mm Gewicht 3,65 kg Downloads Handleiding

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From Detector to Software Defined RadioRadio frequency (RF) technology is one of the areas which still allows putting your own ideas into practice. Countless circuit variants with special objectives allow space for meaningful experiments and projects. Many things simply aren’t available off the shelf. Crystal detector radios without their own power source, simple tube receivers with a touch of nostalgia, the first reception attempts at Software Defined Radio, special receivers for amateur radio, all this can be realized with little effort and as a perfect introduction to RF electronics.For a long time, radio construction was the first step into electronics. Meanwhile, there are other ways, especially via computers, microcontrollers, and digital technology. However, the analog roots of electronics are often neglected. Elementary radio technology and easy-to-do experiments are particularly well suited as a learning field for electronics because you can start with the simplest basics here.But the connection to modern digital technology is also obvious, for example, when it comes to modern tuning methods such as PLL and DDS or modern DSP radios.This book aims to give an overview and present a collection of simple RF projects. The author would like to support you to develop your own ideas, to design your own receivers and to test them.

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This book is about the Raspberry Pi 3 computer and its use in various control and monitoring applications. The book explains in simple terms and with tested and working example projects, how to configure the Raspberry Pi 3 computer, how to install and use the Linux operating system, and how to write hardware based applications programs using the Python programming language. The nice feature of this book is that it covers many Raspberry Pi 3 based hardware projects using the latest hardware modules such as the Sense HAT, Swiss Pi, MotoPi, Camera module, and many other state of the art analog and digital sensors. An important feature of the Raspberry Pi 3 is that it contains on-board Bluetooth and Wi-Fi modules. Example projects are given in the book on using the Wi-Fi and the Bluetooth modules to show how real-data can be sent to the Cloud using the Wi-Fi module, and also how to communicate with an Android based mobile phone using the Bluetooth module. The book is ideal for self-study, and is intended for electronic/electrical engineering students, practising engineers, research students, and for hobbyists. It is recommended that the book should be followed in the given Chapter order. Over 30 projects are given in the book. All the projects in the book are based on the Python programming language and they have been fully tested. Full program listings of every project are given in the book with comments and full descriptions. Experienced programmers should find it easy to modify and update the programs to suit their needs. The following sub-headings are given for each project to make it as easy as possible for the readers to follow the projects: Project title Description Aim of the project Raspberry Pi type Block diagram Circuit diagram Program listing

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Cool Projects for Test, Measurement, and Control The Raspberry Pi has dominated the maker scene for many years. Freely accessible I/O pins have made it one of the most popular processor boards of all time. However, the classic Raspberry Pi has no analog inputs. Direct measurement of analog values is therefore not possible. Consequently, photodiodes, NTCs, Hall sensors, etc. cannot be read directly. In addition, the pins are connected directly to the exposed contacts, i.e. without a driver or protection circuit. This can quickly destroy the central controller and thus the entire Raspberry Pi. These problems can be elegantly solved with the Pico. As a front-end, it can easily handle a wide range of measurement tasks. In addition, the Pico is much cheaper than a classic Raspberry Pi 4 or 5. If a faulty circuit leads to the destruction of the Pico, this is relatively easy to handle. This makes the combination of a classic Raspberry Pi 4 or 5 and the Pico an ideal pair. The book introduces the broad and highly topical field of modern controller technology using the combined force of a Raspberry Pi 4 or 5 and a Raspberry Pi Pico. In addition to a detailed introduction to the operation and functionality of the controller boards themselves, the book also focuses on data acquisition and processing with digital processors. Especially the combination of both systems offers a wide range of interesting possibilities. Some practical projects from the contents: USB between Raspberry Pi 4 or 5 and Pico I²C Communication and Pico as an I²C device Voltmeter and Computer Thermometer Pico W as a Web Server and WLAN Scanner Frequency Meters and Generators OLED Displays on Raspberry Pi 4 or 5 and Pico Energy Saving Monitor Which Astronauts are in Orbit? Mini Monitor for Current Bitcoin Exchange Rate

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