Practical Guide to Modular RF Design Build Your Own Software-Defined Radio combines RF circuitry with hardware programming and PC-based signal processing. The e-book presents a modular approach to building a complete SDR system using RF Bricks – from the mechanical framework and RF modules to measurement tools, PC software, and FPGA implementations. Practical explanations guide readers through real signal paths, construction steps, and measurement routines, linking hardware and software into a flexible SDR platform. Key topics include: Mechanical setup: RF Brick template, chassis, and 19-inch module carrier Bridges: USB isolator, I²C level shifter, I²C power switch, and practical examples Signal-chain design with RF Bricks: antennas, band filters, NanoVNA work, preamplifiers, PLLs, demodulators, direct-conversion chains, multiband options, and narrowband bricks RF measurement Bricks: single- and dual-tone sources, NPR methods, noise generators, notch filters, broadband amplifiers, and impedance bridges Useful accessories: ATU-100 tuner, X-Phase QRM eliminator, and firmware notes PC host software: SoapyAudio adjustments, GQRX, SDR++, and added functionality GnuRadio elements: control blocks, SSB demodulation, GUI components, messaging, and filter handling FPGA-based SDR: VHDL, toolchains, ADC/DAC blocks, oversampling, and a complete SSB/CW signal chain With its modular structure and detailed working examples, this e-book offers a practical path to building and extending modern SDR systems. Downloads Software

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In Elektronica Kunst & Kunde worden alle onderwerpen behandeld die ook in standaard elektronica-leerboeken aan de orde komen, plus een groot aantal belangrijke maar vaak veronachtzaamde zaken. In dit tweede deel aandacht voor onder meer de volgende onderwerpen: phase-locked loop-schakelingen, opto-elektronica, busschakelingen, capacitieve belasting, bekabeling, interfacing timing, naaldpulsen, klokvertraging, monostabiele multivibratoren de IBM-PC en de Intel-fanilie, RS232-kabels, seriële poorten, ASCII, modems, SCSI, IPI, GPIB, parallele poorten, local-area-networks de 68000-microprocessorfamilie, perifere LSI-chips, geheugen, programmeerbare instrumenten prototypering, het ontwerpen van printplaten, wire-wrap-technieken, CAD/CAM technieken, de bouw van schakelingen HF-modules, vereenvoudigd ontwerp van HF-versterkers en high-speed schakelaars batterijen, accu's en zonnecellen; micropower-regelaars, -opamps en -microprocessoren methoden om de bandbreedte te beperken, middeling van signalen, lock-in versterkers, pulshoogte-analyse, 'multichannel-scaling'

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From basics to flows for sensors, automation, motors, MQTT, and cloud services This book is a learning guide and a reference. Use it to learn Node-RED, Raspberry Pi Pico W, and MicroPython, and add these state-of-the-art tools to your technology toolkit. It will introduce you to virtual machines, Docker, and MySQL in support of IoT projects based on Node-RED and the Raspberry Pi Pico W. This book combines several elements into a platform that powers the development of modern Internet of Things applications. These elements are a flow-based server, a WiFi-enabled microcontroller, a high-level programming language, and a deployment technology. Combining these elements gives you the tools you need to create automation systems at any scale. From home automation to industrial automation, this book will help you get started. Node-RED is an open-source flow-based development tool that makes it easy to wire together devices, APIs, and online services. Drag and drop nodes to create a flowchart that turns on your lights at sunset or sends you an email when a sensor detects movement. Raspberry Pi Pico W is a version of the Raspberry Pi Pico with added 802.11n Wi-Fi capability. It is an ideal device for physical computing tasks and an excellent match to the Node-RED. Quick book facts Project-based learning approach. Assumes no prior knowledge of flow-based programming tools. Learn to use essential infrastructure tools in your projects, such as virtual machines, Docker, MySQL and useful web APIs such as Google Sheets and OpenWeatherMap. Dozens of mini-projects supported by photographs, wiring schematics, and source code. Get these from the book GitHub repository. Step-by-step instructions on everything. All experiments are based on the Raspberry Pi Pico W. A Wi-Fi network is required for all projects. Hardware (including the Raspberry Pi Pico W) is available as a kit. Downloads GitHub

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Deze USB Logic Analyzer is een 8-kanaals logic analyzer met elke ingang bedoeld voor het op twee manieren opnemen van analoge data. Hij is perfect voor het debuggen en analyseren van signalen zoals I²C, UART, SPI, CAN en 1-Wire. De analyzer bemonstert een digitale ingang die is aangesloten op een te testen apparaat (DUT) met een hoge bemonsteringssnelheid. De aansluiting op de PC gaat via USB.Specificaties Kanalen 8 digitale kanalen Maximale bemonsteringssnelheid 24 MHz Maximale ingangsspanning 0 V ~ 5 V Bedrijfstemperatuur 0°C ~ 70°C Ingangsimpedantie 1 MΩ || 10 pF Ondersteunde protocollen I²C, SPI, UART, CAN, 1-wire, enz. PC-aansluiting USB Afmetingen 55 x 28 x 14 mm Inbegrepen USB Logic Analyzer (8-kanaals, 24 MHz) USB-kabel Jumper Draad Lintkabel DownloadsSoftware

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TINA Design Suite is a professional, powerful and affordable circuit simulator. It is a circuit designer and PCB design software package for analysing, designing, and real-time testing of analogue, digital, IBIS, VHDL, Verilog, Verilog AMS, SystemC, MCU, and mixed electronic circuits and their PCB layouts. In this book, top-selling Elektor author, Prof. Dr. Dogan Ibrahim aims to teach the design and analysis of electrical and electronic circuits and develop PCB boards using both TINA and TINACloud. The book is aimed at electrical/electronic engineers, undergraduate electronic/electrical engineering students at technical colleges and universities, postgraduate and research students, teachers, and hobbyists. Many tested and working simulation examples are provided covering most fields of analogue and digital electrical/electronic engineering. These include AC and DC circuits, diodes, zener diodes, transistor circuits, operational amplifiers, ladder diagrams, 3-phase circuits, mutual inductance, rectifier circuits, oscillators, active and passive filter circuits, digital logic, VHDL, MCUs, switch-mode power supplies, PCB design, Fourier series, and spectrum. Readers do not need to have any programming experience unless they wish to simulate complex MCU circuits.

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Program, build, and master over 60 projects with Python The Raspberry Pi 5 is the latest single-board computer from the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It can be used in many applications, such as in audio and video media centers, as a desktop computer, in industrial controllers, robotics, and in many domestic and commercial applications. In addition to the well-established features found in other Raspberry Pi computers, the Raspberry Pi 5 offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (classic and BLE), which makes it a perfect match for IoT as well as in remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. It is now possible to develop many real-time projects such as audio digital signal processing, real-time digital filtering, real-time digital control and monitoring, and many other real-time operations using this tiny powerhouse. The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi 5 computer and covers the important topics of accessing the computer locally and remotely. Use of the console language commands as well as accessing and using the desktop GUI are described with working examples. The remaining parts of the book cover many Raspberry Pi 5-based hardware projects using components and devices such as LEDs and buzzers LCDs Ultrasonic sensors Temperature and atmospheric pressure sensors The Sense HAT Camera modules Example projects are given using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules to send and receive data from smartphones and PCs, and sending real-time temperature and atmospheric pressure data to the cloud. All projects given in the book have been fully tested for correct operation. Only basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full Python program listings are given for all projects described.

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Projects Using Arduino IDE and the LVGL Graphics Library The ESP32 is probably one of the most popular microcontrollers used by many people, including students, hobbyists, and professional engineers. Its low cost, coupled with rich features makes it a popular device to use in many projects. Recently, a board called the ESP32 Cheap Yellow Display (CYD for short) is available from its manufacturers. The board includes a standard ESP32 microcontroller together with a 320x240 pixel TFT display. Additionally, the board provides several connectors for interfaces such as GPIO, serial port (TX/RX), power and Ground. The inclusion of a TFT display is a real advantage as it enables users to design complex graphics-based projects without resorting to an external LCD or graphics displays. The book describes the basic hardware of the ESP32 CYD board and provides details of its on-board connectors. Many basic, simple, and intermediate-level projects are given in the book based on the ESP32 CYD, using the highly popular Arduino IDE 2.0 integrated development environment. The use of both the basic graphics functions and the use of the popular LVGL graphics library are discussed in the book and projects are given that use both types of approaches. All the projects given in the book have been tested and are working. The block diagram, circuit diagram, and the complete program listings and program descriptions of all the projects are given with explanations. Readers can use the LVGL graphics library to design highly popular eye-catching full-color graphics projects using widgets such as buttons, labels, calendars, keypads, keyboards, message boxes, spinboxes, sliders, charts, tables, menus, bars, switches, drop-down lists, animations, and many more widgets.

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With the availability of free and open source C/C++ compilers today, you might wonder why someone would be interested in assembler language. What is so compelling about the RISC-V Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)? How does RISC-V differ from existing architectures? And most importantly, how do we gain experience with the RISC-V without a major investment? Is there affordable hardware available? The availability of the Espressif ESP32-C3 chip provides a way to get hands-on experience with RISC-V. The open sourced QEMU emulator adds a 64-bit experience in RISC-V under Linux. These are just two ways for the student and enthusiast alike to explore RISC-V in this book. The projects in this book are boiled down to the barest essentials to keep the assembly language concepts clear and simple. In this manner you will have “aha!” moments rather than puzzling about something difficult. The focus in this book is about learning how to write RISC-V assembly language code without getting bogged down. As you work your way through this tutorial, you’ll build up small demonstration programs to be run and tested. Often the result is some simple printed messages to prove a concept. Once you’ve mastered these basic concepts, you will be well equipped to apply assembly language in larger projects.

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Practical Introduction to 3D Modeling from Enclosure to Front Panel Embedding a vintage component, creating a professional looking home for a circuit board, or even designing a complex apparatus complete with a chassis – these and many other challenges turn into a stimulating pleasure with FreeCAD. Once you have internalized the basic processes, there are virtually no limits to your imagination. Starting to use a new software is never straightforward – especially with a tool as versatile as FreeCAD. Manageable, but at the same time easily usable individual components provide the starting point in this book. Putting these components together later results in assemblies. In the FreeCAD universe, a workable trajectory is demonstrated. The described procedure is illustrative so the examples are easily applied to custom tasks. The devices were made by the author and illustrated with photos. Creating a 3D design is requiring some effort but the initial investment pays off soon. Besides the impressive spatial representation of the projects, the extracted drawings yield a solid base for documentation and production. Extended FreeCAD capabilities like the unfolding of sheet metal parts enormously add to efficiency and pushes models forward into practical assembly. Soon you will definitely not want to do without FreeCAD!

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Mastering Surface Mount Technology takes you on a crash course in techniques, tips and know-how to successfully introduce surface mount technology in your workflow. Even if you are on a budget you too can jumpstart your designs with advanced fine pitch parts. Besides explaining methodology and equipment, attention is given to SMT parts technologies and soldering methods. In a step by step way, several projects introduce you to handling surface mount parts and the required skills to successfully build SMT assemblies. Many practical tips and tricks are disclosed that bring surface mount technology into everyone's reach without breaking the bank.

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From SRPP and Mu-Follower to OTL Designs Tube amplifiers suffer from distortion. Fortunately, circuits such as the SRPP amplifier, mu-follower, and beta-follower produce minimal distortion even at output voltages of 50 to 100 Vpeak. These designs are often published with errors. Without a sound understanding of the theory, it is easy to arrive at a flawed design. In the first section of this book, we investigate the origin of distortion, while in the second we investigate the design of and SRPP and a mu-follower. On the internet we can find the most exotic designs. Evaluating them teaches us that these designs often make matters worse rather than better. In the chapter on incorrect SRPPs and mu-followers, we sometimes see bizarre and misguided designs where using a simple single-triode amplifier would perform much better. Push-pull output stages also exist. A great number of them are examined, and their similarity to the SRPP is discussed. This is done especially with the help of the theory behind the OTL based on the ‘mother’ of all OTLs, the Philips HF303. Finally, attention is given to frequency characteristics and technical matters such as the supply voltage and the filament power supply. To illustrate these points, there are a few designs covering the subjects discussed. This book presents much new theory that has not been published before. It is often an eye-opener, showing that many things have a beautiful and unexpected simplicity.

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Practical Low-Cost Methods for Reliable PCB Production This book explains how to carry out reliable SMD assembly using affordable tools and small-scale equipment. It follows the complete workflow step by step, including tool selection, solder paste handling, stencil use, component placement, reflow methods, inspection, and rework. The focus is on bench-level and small-lab production rather than industrial assembly lines. It shows practical methods for building single and double-sided SMD boards with repeatable results. Topics include solder paste and flux, temperature profiles, hot air and hotplate techniques, small reflow ovens, inspection methods, and defect correction. Checklists and example workflows are included to help reduce errors and improve consistency. Key features: Tools and supplies for SMD assembly and rework Solder paste types, storage, and handling Stencils and paste application methods Pick and place workflow and component orientation Temperature profiles and reflow methods Hot air, hotplate, and reflow oven processes Inspection and quality control Common defects such as tombstoning and solder bridges Practical rework and component replacement Bench-level professional workflows and checklists This book is designed as a practical bench reference for anyone who wants to assemble and troubleshoot their own SMD boards with reliable results.

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Learn to program displays and GUIs with Python This book is about Raspberry Pi 4 display projects. The book starts by explaining how to install the latest Raspbian operating system on an SD card, and how to configure and use the GPIO ports. The core of the book explains the following topics in simple terms with fully tested and working example projects: Simple LED projects Bar graph LED projects Matrix LED projects Bitmap LED projects LED strips LCDs OLED displays E-paper displays TFT displays 7-inch touch screen GUI Programming with Tkinder One unique feature of this book is that it covers almost all types of display that readers will need to use in their Raspberry Pi based projects. The operation of each project is fully given, including block diagrams, circuit diagrams, and commented full program listings. It is therefore an easy task to convert the given projects to run on other popular platforms, such as Arduino or PIC microcontrollers. Python program listings of all Raspberry Pi projects developed in this book are available for download at Elektor.com. Readers can use these programs in their projects. Alternatively, they can modify the programs to suit their applications.

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Most people are increasingly confronted with the applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Music or video ratings, navigation systems, shopping advice, etc. are based on methods that can be attributed to this field. The term Artificial Intelligence was coined in 1956 at an international conference known as the Dartmouth Summer Research Project. One basic approach was to model the functioning of the human brain and to construct advanced computer systems based on this. Soon it should be clear how the human mind works. Transferring it to a machine was considered only a small step. This notion proved to be a bit too optimistic. Nevertheless, the progress of modern AI, or rather its subspecialty called Machine Learning (ML), can no longer be denied. In this book, several different systems will be used to get to know the methods of machine learning in more detail. In addition to the PC, both the Raspberry Pi and the Maixduino will demonstrate their capabilities in the individual projects. In addition to applications such as object and facial recognition, practical systems such as bottle detectors, person counters, or a “talking eye” will also be created. The latter is capable of acoustically describing objects or faces that are detected automatically. For example, if a vehicle is in the field of view of the connected camera, the information 'I see a car!' is output via electronically generated speech. Such devices are highly interesting examples of how, for example, blind or severely visually impaired people can also benefit from AI systems.

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Fluit ernaar en hij tjilpt naar u terug!Hoewel allerlei soorten vogels door veel mensen liefdevol worden verzorgd en bekeken hebben de meeste vogels helaas nog niet geleerd om ook met ons te communiceren. Deze volledig elektronische vogel zet een stap in de goede richting: als u ernaar fluit, dan tjilpt hij terug!Kenmerken Reageert op fluiten Instelbare vogelgeluiden (toon en lengte) Elektor Heritage circuit symbolen Uitgeprobeerd en getest door Elektor Labs Educatief en nerdy project Through-hole onderdelen Inbegrepen Printplaat Alle componenten Houten standaard Stuklijst Weerstanden R1, R2 = 2,2 kΩ R3, R4, R13 = 47 kΩ R5 = 4,7 kΩ R6 = 3,3 kΩ R7, R10, R11, R12, R17 = 100 kΩ R8, R19, R23 = 1 kΩ R9 = 1 MΩ R14, R15 = 10 kΩ R16, R18 = 470 kΩ R20 = 68 kΩ R21 = 10 MΩ R22 = 2,7 kΩ R24 = 22 Ω P1, P2 = 1 MΩ P3, P5 = 470 kΩ P4 = 100 kΩ Condensatoren C1, C2, C12 = 100 nF C3, C4 = 10 nF C5 = 22 μF, 16 V C6, C7, C11 = 10 μF, 16 V C8 = 2,2 μF, 100 V C9 = 1 μF, 50 V C10 = 2,2 nF C13 = 10 nF Halfgeleiders D1, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8 = 1N4148 D2 = 3V3 zener diode T1, T2 = BC557B T3 = BC547B T4 = BC327-40 IC1 = TL084CN IC2 = 4093 Diversen BT1 = bedrade batterijclip voor 6LR61/PP3 LS1 = miniatuur luidspreker, 8Ω, 0,5W S1 = schakelaar, schuif, SPDT MIC1 = electret microfoon PCB 230153-1 v1.1

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Projects with Thonny-IDE, uPyCraft-IDE, and ESP32 The 'Python' programming language has enjoyed an enormous upswing in recent years. Not least, various single-board systems such as the Raspberry Pi have contributed to its popularity. But Python has also found widespread use in other fields, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML). It is obvious, therefore, to use Python or the 'MicroPython' variant for use in SoCs (Systems on Chip) as well. Powerful controllers such as the ESP32 from Espressif Systems offer excellent performance as well as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality at an affordable price. With these features, the Maker scene has been taken by storm. Compared to other controllers, the ESP32 has a significantly larger flash and SRAM memory, as well as a much higher CPU speed. Due to these characteristics, the chip is not only suitable for classic C applications, but also for programming with MicroPython. This book introduces the application of modern one-chip systems. In addition to the technical background, the focus is on MicroPython itself. After the introduction to the language, the programming skills learned are immediately put into practice. The individual projects are suitable for use in the laboratory as well as for everyday applications. So, in addition to the actual learning effect, the focus is also on the joy of building complete and useful devices. By using laboratory breadboards, circuits of all kinds can be realized with little effort, turning the testing and debugging of the 100% homebrew projects into an instructive pleasure. The various applications, such as weather stations, digital voltmeters, ultrasound range finders, RFID card readers or function generators, make the projects presented ideally suited for practical courses or subject and study work in the natural sciences, or in science and technology classes.

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De Elektor Super Servo Tester kan servo's aansturen en servosignalen meten. Hij kan tot vier servokanalen tegelijkertijd testen. De Super Servo Tester wordt geleverd als bouwpakket. Alle onderdelen die nodig zijn om de Super Servo Tester in elkaar te zetten zijn inbegrepen in de set. Het bouwen van de kit vereist enige basisvaardigheid met solderen. De microcontroller is al geprogrammeerd. De Super Servo Tester beschikt over twee bedrijfsmodi: Control/Manual en Measure/Inputs. In de modus Control/Manual genereert de Super Servo Tester besturingssignalen op zijn uitgangen voor maximaal vier servo's, of voor de flight controller of ESC. De signalen worden ingeregeld door de vier potentiometers. In de modus Measure/Inputs meet de Super Servo Tester de servosignalen die op de ingangen zijn aangesloten. Deze signalen kunnen afkomstig zijn van bijvoorbeeld een ESC, een flight controller, of de ontvanger, of een ander apparaat. De signalen worden ook naar de uitgangen geleid om de servo's of de flight controller of ESC aan te sturen. De resultaten worden op het display weergegeven. Specificaties Operating modi Control/Manual & Measure/Inputs Kanalen 3 Servosignaal ingangen 4 Servosignaal uitgangen 4 Alarm Zoemer & LED Weergave 0,96" OLED (128 x 32 pixels) Ingangsspanning op K5 7 - 12 VDC Ingangsspanning op K1 5 - 7,5 VDC Ingangsstroom 30 mA (9 VDC op K5, en niets aangesloten op K1 en K2) Afmetingen 113 x 66 x 25 mm Gewicht 60 g Inbegrepen Weerstanden (0,25 W) R1, R3 1 k?, 5% R2, R4, R5, R6, R7, R9, R10 10 k?, 5% R8 22 ?, 5% P1, P2, P3, P4 10 k?, lin/B, verticale potentiometer Condensatoren C1 100 ?F 16 V C2 10 ?F 25 V C3, C4, C7 100 nF C5, C6 22 pF Halfgeleiders D1 1N5817 D2 LM385Z-2.5 D3 BZX79-C5V1 IC1 7805 IC2 ATmega328P-PU, geprogrammeerd LED1 LED, 3 mm, rood T1 2N7000 Diversen BUZ1 Piëzo-zoemer met oscillator K1, K2 2-rijige, 12-voudige pinheader, 90° K5 Barrel jack K4 1-rijige, 4-polige pinvoet K3 2-rijige, 6-voudige boxed pinheader S1 Schuifschakelaar DPDT S2 Schuifschakelaar SPDT X1 Kristal, 16 MHz 28-voudige DIP-voet voor IC2 Elektor printplaat OLED-scherm, 0,96", 128 x 32 pixels, 4-pins I²C-interface Links Elektor Magazine Elektor Labs

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Example projects with Node-RED, MQTT, WinCC SCADA, Blynk, and ThingSpeak This comprehensive guide unlocks the power of Modbus TCP/IP communication with Arduino. From the basics of the Modbus protocol right up to full implementation in Arduino projects, the book walks you through the complete process with lucid explanations and practical examples. Learn how to set up Modbus TCP/IP communication with Arduino for seamless data exchange between devices over a network. Explore different Modbus functions and master reading and writing registers to control your devices remotely. Create Modbus client and server applications to integrate into your Arduino projects, boosting their connectivity and automation level. With detailed code snippets and illustrations, this guide is perfect for beginners and experienced Arduino enthusiasts alike. Whether you‘re a hobbyist looking to expand your skills or a professional seeking to implement Modbus TCP/IP communication in your projects, this book provides all the knowledge you need to harness the full potential of Modbus with Arduino. Projects covered in the book: TCP/IP communication between two Arduino Uno boards Modbus TCP/IP communication within the Node-RED environment Combining Arduino, Node-RED, and Blynk IoT cloud Interfacing Modbus TCP/IP with WinCC SCADA to control sensors Using MQTT protocol with Ethernet/ESP8266 Connecting to ThingSpeak IoT cloud using Ethernet/ESP8266

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De Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter gebruikt de precisie van een multimeter om zeer lage weerstandswaarden te meten. Het is een adapter die een weerstand omzet in een spanning die kan worden gemeten met een standaard multimeter. De Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter kan weerstanden meten onder 1 mΩ met behulp van een 4-draads (Kelvin) methode. Het is handig voor het lokaliseren van kortsluitingen op printplaten (PCB). De adapter heeft drie meetbereiken – 1 mΩ, 10 mΩ en 100 mΩ – selecteerbaar via een schuifschakelaar. Het bevat ook ingebouwde kalibratieweerstanden. De Elektor Milliohmmeter Adapter wordt gevoed door drie 1,5 V AA batterijen (niet meegeleverd). Specificaties Meetbereiken 1 mΩ, 10 mΩ, 100 mΩ, 0,1% Voeding 3x 1,5 V AA-batterijen (niet inbegrepen) Afmetingen 103 x 66 x 18 mm (compatibel met Hammond 1593N-type behuizing, niet inbegrepen) Speciale functie Geïntegreerde kalibratieweerstanden Downloads Documentation

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An 8-in-1 test & measurement instrument for the electronics workbench A well-equipped electronics lab is crammed with power supplies, measuring devices, test equipment and signal generators. Wouldn‘t it be better to have one compact device for almost all tasks? Based on the Arduino, a PC interface is to be developed that’s as versatile as possible for measurement and control. It simply hangs on a USB cable and – depending on the software – forms the measuring head of a digital voltmeter or PC oscilloscope, a signal generator, an adjustable voltage source, a frequency counter, an ohmmeter, a capacitance meter, a characteristic curve recorder, and much more. The circuits and methods collected here are not only relevant for exactly these tasks in the "MSR" electronics lab, but many details can also be used within completely different contexts.

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Resonances From Aether Days A Pictorial and Technical Analysis from WWII to the Internet Age From the birth of radio to the late 1980s, much of real life unfolded through shortwave communication. World War II demonstrated—beyond a shadow of a doubt—that effective communications equipment was a vital prerequisite for military success. In the postwar years, shortwave became the backbone on which many of the world's most critical services depended every day. All the radio equipment—through whose cathodes, grids, plates, and transistors so much of human history has flowed—is an exceptional subject of study and enjoyment for those of us who are passionate about vintage electronics. In this book, which begins in the aftermath of World War II, you’ll find a rich collection of information: descriptions, tips, technical notes, photos, and schematics that will be valuable for anyone interested in restoring—or simply learning about—these extraordinary witnesses to one of the most remarkable eras in technological history. My hope is that these pages will help preserve this vast treasure of knowledge, innovation, and history—a heritage that far transcends the purely technical.

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Elektronica moeilijk? De titel van dit boek geeft het antwoord! In deze 3-in-1-band wordt de elektronica vanuit de praktijk benaderd. Dat wil zeggen veel praktijk in de vorm van experimenten en een minimum aan theorie. Zo raakt u stap voor stap vertrouwd met de behandelde onderwerpen. Daarbij ontstaan gaandeweg ook een flink aantal praktisch bruikbare schakelingen. Het gaat bij de elektronicahobby tenslotte om het bouwen of uitdenken van allerlei praktische of leuke schakelingen. Aan het eind van elk deel is een aanhangsel opgenomen met aanvullende informatie en de gegevens van een groot aantal elektronische componenten, zodat na dit boek ook eigen ideeën en experimenten kunnen worden aangepakt. In deze 3-in-1-band zijn de eerste drie delen uit de serie “Elektronica echt niet moeilijk” samengevoegd: Deel 1: experimenten met gelijkstroom Deel 2: experimenten met wisselstroom Deel 3: experimenten met digitale techniek

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From Simple Ciphers to Secure Systems Understanding how to apply cryptography on modern microcontrollers is essential for building secure, reliable, and trustworthy systems. This book explains cryptography in the context of embedded hardware, from classical ciphers that illustrate core principles to modern techniques such as AES for practical high-security applications. By combining mathematical theory with real-world microcontroller implementations, readers learn not only how cryptography works, but also how to implement it effectively on systems with limited processing power and memory. The book is intended for students starting out in cryptography, hobbyists securing personal projects, and engineers looking for a structured guide to embedded security. The book covers these key topics in applied cryptography: Classical ciphers on Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico, with full programs: Spartan Scytale, Hebrew Atbash, Caesar, ROT13, Alberti Disk, Vigenère, Affine, Polybius, Playfair, Beaufort, Ottoman Codebook, and One-Time Pad. Hacking classical ciphers using microcontrollers, with examples. Pseudo-random (PRNG) and true random number generation (TRNG) on microcontrollers. Symmetric-key cryptography with full programs: DES and AES-128/256. Memory and speed constraints of cryptography on microcontrollers. Asymmetric cryptography: public/private keys, digital signatures, key distribution and derivation (KDF), RSA, and SHA-256 implementations. A complete secure communication program using RSA and AES-256. A glossary of commonly used cryptography terms.

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The Peak Atlas DCA55 is great for automatically identifying the type of semiconductor on the test leads as well as the pinout and many other parameters. Supports transistors MOSFETs, JFETs (gate pin only can be identified), diodes, LEDs and lots more. Automatically identifies type of component, pinout and other important parameters. Now features transistor leakage measurement and Germanium/Silicon identification. Component Support Bipolar transistors (NPN/PNP inc Silicon/Germanium) Darlington transistors (NPN/PNP) Enhancement mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch) Depletion mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch) Junction FETs (N-Ch and P-Ch). Only gate lead identified. Diodes and diode networks (2 and 3 lead types). LEDs and bi-colour LEDs (2 lead and 3 lead types). Low power sensitive Triacs and Thyristors (<5 mA trigger and hold) Measurements Part type identification Pinout identification BJT current gain (hFE) BJT base emitter voltage (Vbe) BJT collector leakage current MOSFET gate threshold voltage Diode forward voltage drop (Vf) Specificaties Analyzer type Transistors, Diodes, LEDs, MOSFETs, JFETs Pinout detection Full pinout (only Gate on JFETs) Pinout configuration Connect any way round Transistor measurements Vbe, hFE, Iceo MOSFET measurements Vgs(on) Diode measurements Vf Probe type Universal grabber type Battery Single AAA cell (supplied). Life typically 1300 ops Test conditions Typically 5 mA, 5 V peak Display type Alphanumeric LCD (with backlight) Inbegrepen DCA55 Semiconductor Component Analyser instrument Comprehensive illustrated user guide Fitted universal hook probes AAA Alkaline battery Downloads Datasheet (EN) User Guide (EN)

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