Develop innovative hardware-based projects in C The Raspberry Pi has traditionally been programmed using Python. Although this is a very powerful language, many programmers may not be familiar with it. C on the other hand is perhaps the most commonly used programming language and all embedded microcontrollers can be programmed using it. The C language is taught in most technical colleges and universities and almost all engineering students are familiar with using it with their projects. This book is about using the Raspberry Pi with C to develop a range of hardware-based projects. Two of the most popular C libraries, wiringPi and pigpio are used. The book starts with an introduction to C and most students and newcomers will find this chapter invaluable. Many projects are provided in the book, including using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth to establish communication with smartphones. Many sensor and hardware-based projects are included. Both wiringPi and pigpio libraries are used in all projects. Complete program listings are given with full explanations. All projects have been fully tested and work. The following hardware-based projects are provided in the book: Using sensors Using LCDs I²C and SPI buses Serial communication Multitasking External and timer interrupts Using Wi-Fi Webservers Communicating with smartphones Using Bluetooth Sending data to the cloud Program listings of all Raspberry Pi projects developed in this book are available on the Elektor website. Readers can download and use these programs in their projects. Alternatively, they can customize them to suit their applications.

Lees meer minder

The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller development system encompassing hardware, an Integrated Development Environment (IDE), and a vast number of libraries. It is supported by an enormous community of programmers, electronic engineers, enthusiasts, and academics. The libraries in particular really smooth Arduino programming and reduce programming time. What’s more, the libraries greatly facilitate testing your programs since most come fully tested and working.The Raspberry Pi 4 can be used in many applications such as audio and video media devices. It also works in industrial controllers, robotics, games, and in many domestic and commercial applications. The Raspberry Pi 4 also offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth capability which makes it great for remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications.This book is about using both the Raspberry Pi 4 and the Arduino Uno in PID-based automatic control applications. The book starts with basic theory of the control systems and feedback control. Working and tested projects are given for controlling real-life systems using PID controllers. The open-loop step time response, tuning the PID parameters, and the closed-loop time response of the developed systems are discussed together with the block diagrams, circuit diagrams, PID controller algorithms, and the full program listings for both the Raspberry Pi and the Arduino Uno.The projects given in the book aim to teach the theory and applications of PID controllers and can be modified easily as desired for other applications. The projects given for the Raspberry Pi 4 should work with all other models of Raspberry Pi family.The book covers the following topics: Open-loop and closed-loop control systems Analog and digital sensors Transfer functions and continuous-time systems First-order and second-order system time responses Discrete-time digital systems Continuous-time PID controllers Discrete-time PID controllers ON-OFF temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based temperature control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based DC motor control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based water level control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno PID-based LED-LDR brightness control with Raspberry Pi and Arduino Uno

Lees meer minder

Secure, Modular, Open-Source and Self-Sufficient Ever since the Raspberry Pi was introduced, it has been used by enthusiasts to automate their homes. The Raspberry Pi is a powerful computer in a small package, with lots of interfacing options to control various devices. This book shows you how you can automate your home with a Raspberry Pi. You’ll learn how to use various wireless protocols for home automation, such as Bluetooth, 433.92 MHz radio waves, Z-Wave, and Zigbee. Soon you’ll automate your home with Python, Node-RED, and Home Assistant, and you’ll even be able to speak to your home automation system. All this is done securely, with a modular system, completely open-source, without relying on third-party services. You’re in control of your home, and no one else. At the end of this book, you can install and configure your Raspberry Pi as a highly flexible home automation gateway for protocols of your choice, and link various services with MQTT to make it your own system. This DIY (do it yourself) approach is a bit more laborious than just installing an off-the-shelf home automation system, but in the process, you can learn a lot, and in the end, you know exactly what’s running your house and how to tweak it. This is why you were interested in the Raspberry Pi in the first place, right? Turn your Raspberry Pi into a reliable gateway for various home automation protocols. Make your home automation setup reproducible with Docker Compose. Secure all your network communication with TLS. Create a video surveillance system for your home. Automate your home with Python, Node-RED, Home Assistant and AppDaemon. Securely access your home automation dashboard from remote locations. Use fully offline voice commands in your own language. Download the software and view the errata for the book on GitHub.

Lees meer minder

Program, build, and master over 60 projects with Python The Raspberry Pi 5 is the latest single-board computer from the Raspberry Pi Foundation. It can be used in many applications, such as in audio and video media centers, as a desktop computer, in industrial controllers, robotics, and in many domestic and commercial applications. In addition to the well-established features found in other Raspberry Pi computers, the Raspberry Pi 5 offers Wi-Fi and Bluetooth (classic and BLE), which makes it a perfect match for IoT as well as in remote and Internet-based control and monitoring applications. It is now possible to develop many real-time projects such as audio digital signal processing, real-time digital filtering, real-time digital control and monitoring, and many other real-time operations using this tiny powerhouse. The book starts with an introduction to the Raspberry Pi 5 computer and covers the important topics of accessing the computer locally and remotely. Use of the console language commands as well as accessing and using the desktop GUI are described with working examples. The remaining parts of the book cover many Raspberry Pi 5-based hardware projects using components and devices such as LEDs and buzzers LCDs Ultrasonic sensors Temperature and atmospheric pressure sensors The Sense HAT Camera modules Example projects are given using Wi-Fi and Bluetooth modules to send and receive data from smartphones and PCs, and sending real-time temperature and atmospheric pressure data to the cloud. All projects given in the book have been fully tested for correct operation. Only basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full Python program listings are given for all projects described.

Lees meer minder

Dit boek neemt u mee op een wervelende tour van full-stack web applicatie ontwikkeling met behulp van Raspberry Pi. U leert hoe u een applicatie vanaf de grond kunt opbouwen. U zult ervaring en kennis opdoen van technologieën waaronder: Het Linux-besturingssysteem en de commandoregel. De programmeertaal Python. De Raspberry Pi General Purpose Input Output pins (GPIOs). De Nginx webserver. Flask Python microkader voor webtoepassingen. JQuery en CSS voor het maken van gebruikersinterfaces. Omgaan met tijdzones. Creëren van grafieken met Plotly en Google Charts. Gegevensregistratie met Google Sheet. Applets ontwikkelen met IFTTT. Het beveiligen van uw applicatie met SSL. Sms-berichten ontvangen op je telefoon met Twilio. Dit boek leert u ook hoe u een draadloze Arduino-sensorknooppunt op afstand kunt instellen en er gegevens van kunt verzamelen. Uw Raspberry Pi webapplicatie zal in staat zijn om Arduino node data te verwerken op dezelfde manier als het data verwerkt van zijn onboard sensor. Raspberry Pi Full Stack leert u veel vaardigheden die essentieel zijn voor het bouwen van Web- en Internet of Things-toepassingen. De applicatie die u in dit project zult bouwen, is een platform waarop u kunt uitbreiden. Dit is slechts het begin van wat je kunt doen met een Raspberry Pi en de software en hardware componenten die je zult leren kennen. Dit boek wordt ondersteund door de auteur via een speciale discussieruimte.

Lees meer minder

Design IoT Projects with Raspberry Pi, Arduino and ESP32 The Internet of Things (IoT) is becoming a major application area for embedded systems. As a result, more and more people are becoming interested in learning about embedded design and programming. Technical colleges and universities are moving away from legacy 8 and 16-bit microcontrollers and are introducing 32-bit embedded microcontrollers to their curriculums. Many IoT applications demand precision, high processing power, and low power consumption. Produced by IBM, Node-RED is an open-source visual editor for wiring the Internet of Things. Node-RED comes with a large number of nodes to handle a multitude of tasks. The required nodes are selected and joined together to perform a particular task. Node-RED is based on flow type programming where nodes are configured and joined together to form an application program. There are nodes for performing complex tasks, including web access, Twitter, E-mail, HTTP, Bluetooth, MQTT, controlling GPIO ports, etc. One particularly nice aspect of Node-RED is that the programmer does not need to learn how to write complex programs. For example, an email can be sent by simply joining nodes together and writing only a few lines of code. The aim of this book is to teach how Node-RED can be used in projects. The main hardware platform used with most of the projects in this book is Raspberry Pi 4. Chapters are included to show how Node-RED can be also be used with Arduino Uno, ESP32 DevKitC, and the ESP8266 NodeMCU microcontroller development boards.

Lees meer minder

Hands-on in more than 50 projects STM32 Nucleo family of processors are manufactured by STMicroelectronics. These are low-cost ARM microcontroller development boards. This book is about developing projects using the popular STM32CubeIDE software with the Nucleo-L476RG development board. In the early Chapters of the book the architecture of the Nucleo family is briefly described. The book covers many projects using most features of the Nucleo-L476RG development board where the full software listings for the STM32CubeIDE are given for each project together with extensive descriptions. The projects range from simple flashing LEDs to more complex projects using modules, devices, and libraries such as GPIO, ADC, DAC, I²C, SPI, LCD, DMA, analogue inputs, power management, X-CUBE-MEMS1 library, DEBUGGING, and others. In addition, several projects are given using the popular Nucleo Expansion Boards. These Expansion Boards plug on top of the Nucleo development boards and provide sensors, relays, accelerometers, gyroscopes, Wi-Fi, and many others. Using an expansion board together with the X-CUBE-MEMS1 library simplifies the task of project development considerably. All the projects in the book have been tested and are working. The following sub-headings are given for each project: Project Title, Description, Aim, Block Diagram, Circuit Diagram, and Program Listing for the STM32CubeIDE. In this book you will learn about STM32 microcontroller architecture; the Nucleo-L476RG development board in projects using the STM32CubeIDE integrated software development tool; external and internal interrupts and DMA; DEBUG, a program developed using the STM32CubeIDE; the MCU in Sleep, Stop, and in Standby modes; Nucleo Expansion Boards with the Nucleo development boards. What you need a PC with Internet connection and a USB port; STM32CubeIDE software (available at STMicroelectronics website free of charge) the project source files, available from the book’s webpage hosted by Elektor; Nucleo-L476RG development board; simple electronic devices such as LEDs, temperature sensor, I²C and SPI chips, and a few more; Nucleo Expansion Boards (optional).

Lees meer minder

Practical Multitasking Fundamentals Programming embedded systems is difficult because of resource constraints and limited debugging facilities. Why develop your own Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) as well as your application when the proven FreeRTOS software is freely available? Why not start with a validated foundation? Every software developer knows that you must divide a difficult problem into smaller ones to conquer it. Using separate preemptive tasks and FreeRTOS communication mechanisms, a clean separation of functions is achieved within the entire application. This results in safe and maintainable designs. Practicing engineers and students alike can use this book and the ESP32 Arduino environment to wade into FreeRTOS concepts at a comfortable pace. The well-organized text enables you to master each concept before starting the next chapter. Practical breadboard experiments and schematics are included to bring the lessons home. Experience is the best teacher. Each chapter includes exercises to test your knowledge. The coverage of the FreeRTOS Application Programming Interface (API) is complete for the ESP32 Arduino environment. You can apply what you learn to other FreeRTOS environments, including Espressif’s ESP-IDF. The source code is available from GitHub. All of these resources put you in the driver’s seat when it is time to develop your next uber-cool ESP32 project. What you will learn: How preemptive scheduling works within FreeRTOS The Arduino startup “loopTask” Message queues FreeRTOS timers and the IDLE task The semaphore, mutex, and their differences The mailbox and its application Real-time task priorities and its effect Interrupt interaction and use with FreeRTOS Queue sets Notifying tasks with events Event groups Critical sections Task local storage The gatekeeper task

Lees meer minder

An Introduction to Circuit Simulation LTspice, developed by Analog Devices, is a powerful, fast, and free SPICE simulator, schematic capture, and waveform viewer with a large database of components supported by SPICE models from all over the world. Drawing a schematic in LTspice is easy and fast. Thanks to its powerful graphing features, you can visualize the voltages and currents in a circuit, and also the power consumption of its components and much more. This book is about learning to design and simulate electronic circuits using LTspice. Among others, the following topics are treated: DC and AC circuits Signal diodes and Zener diodes Transistor circuits including oscillators Thyristor/SCR, diac, and triac circuits Operational amplifier circuits including oscillators The 555 timer IC Filters Voltage regulators Optocouplers Waveform generation Digital logic simulation including the 74HC family SPICE modeling LTspice is a powerful electronic circuit simulation tool with many features and possibilities. Covering them all in detail is not possible in a book of this size. Therefore, this book presents the most common topics like DC and AC circuit analysis, parameter sweeping, transfer functions, oscillators, graphing, etc. Although this book is an introduction to LTspice, it covers most topics of interest to people engaged in electronic circuit simulation. The book is aimed at electronic/electrical engineers, students, teachers, and hobbyists. Many tested simulation examples are given in the book. Readers do not need to have any computer programming skills, but it will help if they are familiar with basic electronic circuit design and operation principles. Readers who want to dive deeper can find many detailed tutorials, articles, videos, design files, and SPICE circuit models on the Internet. All the simulation examples used in the book are available as files at the webpage of this book. Readers can use these example circuits for learning or modify them for their own applications.

Lees meer minder

Easy and Affordable Digital Signal ProcessingThe aim of this book is to teach the basic principles of Digital Signal Processing (DSP) and to introduce it from a practical point of view using the bare minimum of mathematics. Only the basic level of discrete-time systems theory is given, sufficient to implement DSP applications in real time. The practical implementations are described in real time using the highly popular ESP32 DevKitC microcontroller development board. With the low cost and extremely popular ESP32 microcontroller, you should be able to design elementary DSP projects with sampling frequencies within the audio range. All programming is done using the popular Arduino IDE in conjunction with the C language compiler.After laying a solid foundation of DSP theory and pertinent discussions on the main DSP software tools on the market, the book presents the following audio-based sound and DSP projects: Using an I²S-based digital microphone to capture audio sound Using an I²S-based class-D audio amplifier and speaker Playing MP3 music stored on an SD card through an I²S-based amplifier and speaker Playing MP3 music files stored in ESP32 flash memory through an I²S-based amplifier and speaker Mono and stereo Internet radio with I²S-based amplifiers and speakers Text-to-speech output with an I²S-based amplifier and speaker Using the volume control in I²S-based amplifier and speaker systems A speaking event counter with an I²S-based amplifier and speaker An adjustable sinewave generator with I²S-based amplifier and speaker Using the Pmod I²S2 24-bit fast ADC/DAC module Digital low-pass and band-pass real-time FIR filter design with external and internal A/D and D/A conversion Digital low-pass and band-pass real-time IIR filter design with external and internal A/D and D/A conversion Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT)

Lees meer minder

Inleiding in PLC-programmering met OpenPLC, de eerste volledig open-source Programmable Logic Controller op de Raspberry Pi, en Modbus-voorbeelden met Arduino Uno en ESP8266PLC programmeren is heel gebruikelijk in de industrie en de huisautomatisering. Dit boek beschrijft hoe de Raspberry Pi 4 kan worden gebruikt als een programmeerbare logische controller. Voordat hij u meeneemt in het programmeren, begint de auteur met de software-installatie op de Raspberry Pi en de PLC-editor op de PC, gevolgd door een beschrijving van de hardware.Daarna vindt u interessante voorbeelden in de verschillende programmeertalen die voldoen aan de IEC 61131-3 standaard. In deze handleiding wordt ook in detail uitgelegd hoe u de PLC-editor gebruikt en hoe u de programma's op de Raspberry Pi laadt en uitvoert. Alle IEC-talen worden uitgelegd met voorbeelden, beginnend met LD (Ladder Diagram) over ST (Structured Control Language) tot SFC (Special Function Chart). Alle voorbeelden kunnen worden gedownload van de website van de auteur.Netwerken krijgt ook grondige aandacht. De Arduino Uno en de ESP8266 worden geprogrammeerd als ModbusRTU of ModbusTCP modules om toegang te krijgen tot externe periferie, het uitlezen van sensoren en het schakelen van elektrische belastingen. I/O schakelingen die voldoen aan de 24 V industriestandaard kunnen ook interessant zijn voor de lezer.Het boek eindigt met een overzicht van commando's voor ST en LD. Na het lezen van het boek zal de lezer in staat zijn om zijn eigen controllers te maken met de Raspberry Pi.

Lees meer minder

Develop your own custom home automation devices Espressif's ESP8266 and ESP32 microcontrollers have brought DIY home automation to the masses. However, not everyone is fluent in programming these microcontrollers with Espressif's C/C++ SDK, the Arduino core, or MicroPython. This is where ESPHome comes into its own: with this project, you don’t program your microcontroller but configure it. This book demonstrates how to create your own home automation devices with ESPHome on an ESP32 microcontroller board. You’ll learn how to combine all kinds of electronic components and automate complex behaviours. Your devices can work completely autonomously, and connect over Wi-Fi to your home automation gateways such as Home Assistant or MQTT broker. By the end of this book, you will be able to create your own custom home automation devices the way you want. Thanks to ESPHome and the ESP32, this is within everyone’s grasp. Set up an ESPHome development environment and create maintainable configurations Use buttons and LEDs Sound a buzzer and play melodies Read measurements from various types of sensors Communicate over a short distance with NFC, infrared light, and Bluetooth Low Energy Show information on various types of displays Downloads Software

Lees meer minder

Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) radiochips zijn alomtegenwoordig, van Raspberry Pi tot gloeilampen. BLE is een uitgebreide technologie met een uitgebreide specificatie, maar de basis is vrij toegankelijk. Een progressieve en systematische aanpak zal u ver leiden in het onder de knie krijgen van deze draadloze communicatietechniek, die essentieel is voor het werken in low power scenario's. In dit boek leert u hoe u: Ontdek BLE-apparaten in de buurt door naar hun advertenties te luisteren. Uw eigen advertentiegegevens voor BLE-apparaten kunt maken. Maak verbinding met BLE-apparaten zoals hartslagmeters en nabijheidsmelders. Maak veilige verbindingen met BLE-apparaten met encryptie en authenticatie. BLE service- en profielspecificaties begrijpen en implementeren. Reverse-engineer een BLE-apparaat met een bedrijfseigen implementatie en bestuur het met je eigen software. Zorg ervoor dat je BLE-apparaten zo weinig mogelijk stroom verbruiken. Dit boek leert u de kneepjes van het programmeren van BLE met Python en de Bleak bibliotheek op een Raspberry Pi of PC, met C++ en NimBLE-Arduino op Espressif's ESP32 ontwikkelborden, en met C op een van de ontwikkelborden die worden ondersteund door het Zephyr real-time besturingssysteem, zoals Nordic Semiconductor's nRF52 borden. Ter inleiding met een zeer geringe hoeveelheid theorie, zult u direct vanaf het begin code ontwikkelen. Nadat u dit boek hebt voltooid, weet u genoeg om uw eigen BLE-toepassingen te maken.

Lees meer minder

De kortegolftechniek heeft een bijzondere aantrekkingskracht: Hij kan gemakkelijk grote afstanden overbruggen. Door kortegolfsignalen te weerkaatsen tegen de geleidende lagen van de ionosfeer, kunnen ze worden ontvangen op plaatsen voorbij de horizon en kunnen ze dus overal op aarde komen. Hoewel de technologie naar steeds hogere frequenties streeft en radio meestal op FM, DAB+, satelliet of internet wordt beluisterd, vereisen moderne transmissiewijzen een uitgebreide infrastructuur en zijn zij uiterst kwetsbaar. In geval van een wereldwijde stroomstoring is er niets belangrijker dan de kortegolf. Amateur radio is niet alleen een hobby, het is ook een noodradiosysteem! Elektor's SDR-Shield (SKU 18515) is een veelzijdige kortegolf ontvanger tot 30 MHz. Met behulp van een Arduino en de juiste software kunnen radiostations, morse signalen, SSB stations, en digitale signalen worden ontvangen.In dit boek beschrijft de succesvolle auteur en enthousiaste radioamateur Burkhard Kainka de moderne praktijk van software defined radio met behulp van het Elektor SDR Shield. Hij geeft niet alleen een theoretische achtergrond, maar legt ook tal van open source software tools uit.

Lees meer minder

Program, build, and master 60+ projects with the Wireless RP2040 The Raspberry Pi Pico and Pico W are based on the fast, efficient, and low-cost dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ RP2040 microcontroller chip running at up to 133 MHz and sporting 264 KB of SRAM and 2 MB of Flash memory. Besides spacious memory, the Pico and Pico W offer many GPIO pins, and popular peripheral interface modules like ADC, SPI, I²C, UART, PWM, timing modules, a hardware debug interface, and an internal temperature sensor. The Raspberry Pi Pico W additionally includes an on-board Infineon CYW43439 Bluetooth and Wi-Fi chipset. At the time of writing this book, the Bluetooth firmware was not yet available. Wi-Fi is however fully supported at 2.4 GHz using the 802.11b/g/n protocols. This book is an introduction to using the Raspberry Pi Pico W in conjunction with the MicroPython programming language. The Thonny development environment (IDE) is used in all of the 60+ working and tested projects covering the following topics: Installing the MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico using a Raspberry Pi or a PC Timer interrupts and external interrupts Analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) projects Using the internal temperature sensor and external sensor chips Using the internal temperature sensor and external temperature sensor chips Datalogging projects PWM, UART, I²C, and SPI projects Using Bluetooth, WiFi, and apps to communicate with smartphones Digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) projects All projects are tried & tested. They can be implemented on both the Raspberry Pi Pico and Raspberry Pi Pico W, although the Wi-Fi-based subjects will run on the Pico W only. Basic programming and electronics experience are required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full MicroPython program listings are given for all projects.

Lees meer minder

Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member so far, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Recently, the new Arduino Uno R4 was released, based on a 48-MHz, 32-bit Cortex-M4 processor with a huge amount of SRAM and flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The new board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface. Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules, which are available as a kit from Elektor. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate. The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including LEDs 7-segment displays (using timer interrupts) LCDs Sensors RFID Reader 4×4 Keypad Real-time clock (RTC) Joystick 8×8 LED matrix Motors DAC (Digital-to-analog converter) LED matrix WiFi connectivity Serial UART CAN bus Infrared controller and receiver Simulators … all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.

Lees meer minder

Projects with Arduino Uno & Raspberry Pi with Examples for the MCP2515 CAN Bus Interface ModuleThis book details the use of the Arduino Uno and the Raspberry Pi 4 in practical CAN bus based projects. Using either the Arduino Uno or the Raspberry Pi with off-the-shelf CAN bus interface modules considerably ease developing, debugging, and testing CAN bus based projects.This book is written for students, practicing engineers, enthusiasts, and for everyone else wanting to learn more about the CAN bus and its applications. The book assumes that the reader has some knowledge of basic electronics. Knowledge of the C and Python programming languages and programming the Arduino Uno using its IDE and Raspberry Pi will be useful, especially if the reader intends to develop microcontroller-based projects using the CAN bus.The book should be a useful source of reference material for anyone interested in finding answers to questions such as: What bus systems are available for the automotive industry? What are the principles of the CAN bus? How can I create a physical CAN bus? What types of frames (or data packets) are available in a CAN bus system? How can errors be detected in a CAN bus system and how dependable is a CAN bus system? What types of CAN bus controllers exist? How do I use the MCP2515 CAN bus controller? How do I create 2-node Arduino Uno-based CAN bus projects? How do I create 3-node Arduino Uno-based CAN bus projects? How do I set the acceptance masks and acceptance filters? How do I analyze data on the CAN bus? How do I create 2-node Raspberry Pi-based CAN bus projects? How do I create 3-node Raspberry Pi-based CAN bus projects?

Lees meer minder

59 Experiments with Arduino IDE and Python The main aim of this book is to teach the Arduino IDE and MicroPython programming languages in ESP32 based projects, using the highly popular ESP32 DevKitC development board. Many simple, basic, and intermediate level projects are provided in the book using the Arduino IDE with ESP32 DevKitC. All projects have been tested and work. Block diagrams, circuit diagrams, and complete program listings of all projects are given with explanations. In addition, several projects are provided for programming the ESP32 DevKitC using MicroPython. The projects provided in this book are designed to teach the following features of the ESP32 processor: GPIOs Touch sensors External interrupts Timer interrupts I²C and I²S SPI PWM ADC DAC UART Hall sensor Temperature sensor Infrared controller Reading and writing to SD card Reading and writing to flash memory RTC timer Chip ID Security and encryption Wi-Fi and network programming Bluetooth BLE programming Communication mobile devices Low power design ESP-IDF programming The projects have been organized with increasing levels of difficulty. Readers are encouraged to tackle the projects in the order given. A specially prepared hardware kit is available from Elektor. With the help of this hardware, it should be easy and fun to build the projects in this book.

Lees meer minder

Een diepgaande kijk op de 8-bit AVR-architectuur in ATtiny- en ATmega-microcontrollers, voornamelijk vanuit het oogpunt van software en programmeren. Verken de AVR-architectuur met behulp van C en assembleertaal in Microchip Studio (voorheen Atmel Studio) met ATtiny-microcontrollers. Leer de details van hoe AVR-microcontrollers intern werken, inclusief de interne registers en geheugenkaart van ATtiny-apparaten. Programmeer ATtiny microcontrollers met behulp van een Atmel-ICE programmer/debugger, of gebruik een goedkope hobbyprogrammer, of zelfs een Arduino Uno als programmer. De meeste codevoorbeelden kunnen worden uitgevoerd met behulp van de Microchip Studio AVR simulator. Leer programma's schrijven voor ATtiny microcontrollers in assembleertaal. Zie hoe assembleertaal wordt omgezet in machinecode-instructies door het assembler-programma. Ontdek hoe programma's geschreven in de programmeertaal C eindigen als assembleertaal en uiteindelijk als machinecode-instructies. Gebruik de Microchip Studio debugger in combinatie met een hardware USB programmer/debugger om assembly en C taalprogramma's te testen, of gebruik de Microchip Studio AVR simulator. DIP verpakte ATtiny microcontrollers worden in dit deel gebruikt voor eenvoudig gebruik op elektronische breadboards, voornamelijk gericht op de ATtiny13(A) en ATtiny25/45/85. Leer over instructietiming en klokken in AVR-microcontrollers met behulp van ATtiny-apparaten. Ben je op weg om een AVR-expert te worden met geavanceerde debugging- en programmeervaardigheden.

Lees meer minder

Over 45 Builds for the Legendary 555 Chip (and the 556, 558) The 555 timer IC, originally introduced by the Signetics Corporation around 1971, is sure to rank high among the most popular analog integrated circuits ever produced. Originally called the IC Time Machine, this chip has been used in many timer-related projects by countless people over decades. This book is all about designing projects based on the 555 timer IC. Over 45 fully tested and documented projects are presented. All projects have been fully tested by the author by constructing them individually on a breadboard. You are not expected to have any programming experiences for constructing or using the projects given in the book. However, it’s definitely useful to have some knowledge of basic electronics and the use of a breadboard for constructing and testing electronic circuits. Some of the projects in the book are: Alternately Flashing Two LEDs Changing LED Flashing Rate Touch Sensor On/Off Switch Switch On/Off Delay Light-Dependent Sound Dark/Light Switch Tone Burst Generator Long Duration Timer Chasing LEDs LED Roulette Game Traffic Lights Continuity Tester Electronic Lock Switch Contact Debouncing Toy Electronic Organ Multiple Sensor Alarm System Metronome Voltage Multipliers Electronic Dice 7-Segment Display Counter Motor Control 7-Segment Display Dice Electronic Siren Various Other Projects The projects given in the book can be modified or expanded by you for your very own applications. Electronic engineering students, people engaged in designing small electronic circuits, and electronic hobbyists should find the projects in the book instructive, fun, interesting, and useful.

Lees meer minder

This book is about DC electric motors and their use in Arduino and Raspberry Pi Zero W based projects. The book includes many tested and working projects where each project has the following sub-headings: Title of the project Description of the project Block diagram Circuit diagram Project assembly Complete program listing of the project Full description of the program The projects in the book cover the standard DC motors, stepper motors, servo motors, and mobile robots. The book is aimed at students, hobbyists, and anyone else interested in developing microcontroller based projects using the Arduino Uno or the Raspberry Pi Zero W. One of the nice features of this book is that it gives complete projects for remote control of a mobile robot from a mobile phone, using the Arduino Uno as well as the Raspberry Pi Zero W development boards. These projects are developed using Wi-Fi as well as the Bluetooth connectivity with the mobile phone. Readers should be able to move a robot forward, reverse, turn left, or turn right by sending simple commands from a mobile phone. Full program listings of all the projects as well as the detailed program descriptions are given in the book. Users should be able to use the projects as they are presented, or modify them to suit to their own needs.

Lees meer minder

Program and Build Raspberry Pi 5 Based Ham Station Utilities with the RTL-SDR The RTL-SDR devices (V3 and V4) have gained popularity among radio amateurs because of their very low cost and rich features. A basic system may consist of a USB based RTL-SDR device (dongle) with a suitable antenna, a Raspberry Pi 5 computer, a USB based external audio input-output adapter, and software installed on the Raspberry Pi 5 computer. With such a modest setup, it is possible to receive signals from around 24 MHz to over 1.7 GHz. This book is aimed at amateur radio enthusiasts and electronic engineering students, as well as at anyone interested in learning to use the Raspberry Pi 5 to build electronic projects. The book is suitable for both beginners through experienced readers. Some knowledge of the Python programming language is required to understand and eventually modify the projects given in the book. A block diagram, a circuit diagram, and a complete Python program listing is given for each project, alongside a comprehensive description. The following popular RTL-SDR programs are discussed in detail, aided by step-by-step installation guides for practical use on a Raspberry Pi 5: SimpleFM GQRX SDR++ CubicSDR RTL-SDR Server Dump1090 FLDIGI Quick RTL_433 aldo xcwcp GPredict TWCLOCK CQRLOG klog Morse2Ascii PyQSO Welle.io Ham Clock CHIRP xastir qsstv flrig XyGrib FreeDV Qtel (EchoLink) XDX (DX-Cluster) WSJT-X The application of the Python programming language on the latest Raspberry Pi 5 platform precludes the use of the programs in the book from working on older versions of Raspberry Pi computers.

Lees meer minder

Plot, Cut, Drill, Mill and Laser with the Z99 This book covers the construction, hardware, software, and operation of the Z99 – CNC machine. This is a multifunctional 4-axis machine for home construction. The capabilities of the Z99 machine include: large-format schematic plotting PCB plotting with etch-resist pens schematic plotting with conductive-ink pens letter cutting out of vinyl paper cutting PCB/substrate drilling PCB/substrate milling text milling laser engraving laser cutting of solder paste masks By making the support software available as freeware, readers of the book are challenged and encouraged to develop new applications for the Z99. The machine would not be of much use if the user has no option to create suitable files for the designs in mind. A large part of this book is dedicated to creating source files in a variety of freeware software packages, including Inkscape, DesignSpark PCB, KiCad, and FlatCAM. The book is also useful for readers keen to comprehend and then master the basic structure of HPGL, Gerber, Drill, and G-code files, as well as to have a go at deciphering them using software.

Lees meer minder

LoRaWAN heeft zich uitstekend ontwikkeld als communicatieoplossing in het IoT. The Things Network (TTN) heeft hieraan bijgedragen. The Things Network werd geüpgraded naar The Things Stack Community Edition (TTS (CE)). De TTN V2-clusters werden tegen het einde van 2021 gesloten.Dit boek laat de nodige stappen zien om LoRaWAN nodes te bedienen met TTS (CE) en wellicht het netwerk van gateways uit te breiden met een eigen gateway. Inmiddels zijn er zelfs LoRaWAN gateways geschikt voor mobiel gebruik waarmee je via je mobiele telefoon verbinding kunt maken met de TTN server.De auteur presenteert verschillende commerciële LoRaWAN nodes en nieuwe, goedkope en op batterijen werkende hardware voor het bouwen van autonome LoRaWAN nodes. Het registreren van LoRaWAN nodes en gateways in de TTS (CE), het leveren van de verzamelde data via MQTT en visualisatie via Node-RED, Cayenne, Thingspeak en Datacake maken complexe IoT-projecten en compleet nieuwe toepassingen mogelijk tegen zeer lage kosten.Dit boek stelt u in staat om gegevens die zijn verzameld met batterijgevoede sensoren (LoRaWAN nodes) draadloos op het internet aan te bieden en te visualiseren. U leert de basis voor smart city- en IoT-toepassingen die bijvoorbeeld het meten van de luchtkwaliteit, het waterpeil, de sneeuwhoogte, het bepalen van vrije parkeerplaatsen (smart parking) en het intelligent aansturen van straatverlichting (smart lighting) mogelijk maken.

Lees meer minder