Zoekresultaten voor "microcontroller"

From Simple Ciphers to Secure Systems Understanding how to apply cryptography on modern microcontrollers is essential for building secure, reliable, and trustworthy systems. This book explains cryptography in the context of embedded hardware, from classical ciphers that illustrate core principles to modern techniques such as AES for practical high-security applications. By combining mathematical theory with real-world microcontroller implementations, readers learn not only how cryptography works, but also how to implement it effectively on systems with limited processing power and memory. The book is intended for students starting out in cryptography, hobbyists securing personal projects, and engineers looking for a structured guide to embedded security. The book covers these key topics in applied cryptography: Classical ciphers on Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico, with full programs: Spartan Scytale, Hebrew Atbash, Caesar, ROT13, Alberti Disk, Vigenère, Affine, Polybius, Playfair, Beaufort, Ottoman Codebook, and One-Time Pad. Hacking classical ciphers using microcontrollers, with examples. Pseudo-random (PRNG) and true random number generation (TRNG) on microcontrollers. Symmetric-key cryptography with full programs: DES and AES-128/256. Memory and speed constraints of cryptography on microcontrollers. Asymmetric cryptography: public/private keys, digital signatures, key distribution and derivation (KDF), RSA, and SHA-256 implementations. A complete secure communication program using RSA and AES-256. A glossary of commonly used cryptography terms.

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From Simple Ciphers to Secure Systems Understanding how to apply cryptography on modern microcontrollers is essential for building secure, reliable, and trustworthy systems. This book explains cryptography in the context of embedded hardware, from classical ciphers that illustrate core principles to modern techniques such as AES for practical high-security applications. By combining mathematical theory with real-world microcontroller implementations, readers learn not only how cryptography works, but also how to implement it effectively on systems with limited processing power and memory. The book is intended for students starting out in cryptography, hobbyists securing personal projects, and engineers looking for a structured guide to embedded security. The book covers these key topics in applied cryptography: Classical ciphers on Arduino Uno and Raspberry Pi Pico, with full programs: Spartan Scytale, Hebrew Atbash, Caesar, ROT13, Alberti Disk, Vigenère, Affine, Polybius, Playfair, Beaufort, Ottoman Codebook, and One-Time Pad. Hacking classical ciphers using microcontrollers, with examples. Pseudo-random (PRNG) and true random number generation (TRNG) on microcontrollers. Symmetric-key cryptography with full programs: DES and AES-128/256. Memory and speed constraints of cryptography on microcontrollers. Asymmetric cryptography: public/private keys, digital signatures, key distribution and derivation (KDF), RSA, and SHA-256 implementations. A complete secure communication program using RSA and AES-256. A glossary of commonly used cryptography terms.

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32 new Projects, Practical Examples and Exercises with the Elektor Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board Electronics and microcontroller technology offer the opportunity to be creative. This practical microcontroller course provides you with the chance to bring your own Arduino projects and experience such moments of success. Ideally, everything works as you imagined when you switch it on for the first time. In practice, however, things rarely work as expected. At that point, you need knowledge to efficiently search for and find the reason for the malfunction. In this book for advanced users, we delve deep into the world of microcontrollers and the Arduino IDE to learn new procedures and details, enabling you to successfully tackle and solve even more challenging situations. With this book, the author gives the reader the necessary tools to create projects independently and also to be able to find errors quickly. Instead of just offering ready-made solutions, he explains the background, the hardware used, and any tools required. He sets tasks in which the reader contributes their own creativity and writes the Arduino sketch themselves. If you don’t have a good idea and get stuck, there is, of course, a suggested solution for every project and every task, along with the corresponding software, which is commented on and explained in detail in the book. This practical course will teach you more about the inner workings of the Arduino Nano and its microcontroller. You will get to know hardware modules that you can use to realize new and interesting projects. You will familiarize yourself with software methods such as ‘state machines,’ which can often be used to solve problems more easily and clearly. The numerous practical projects and exercise sketches are once again realized on the Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board, which you may already be familiar with from the course book ‘Microcontrollers Hands-on Course for Arduino Starters’, and which contains all the hardware peripherals and operating elements we need for the input/output operations of our sketches. Readers who do not yet own the Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board can purchase the required hardware separately, or alternatively, build it on a breadboard.

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in 10 captivating lessons Using the lessons in this book you learn how to program a microcontroller. You’ll be using JAL, a free but extremely powerful programming language for PIC microcontrollers, which enjoys great popularity in the hobby world. Starting out from scratch virtually, you slowly build up the knowledge. No previous knowledge is needed: anyone can get started with this book. Assuming you have absorbed all lessons – meaning you have actually completed all the exercises – you should be confident to write PIC microcontroller programs, as well as read and understand programs written by other people. JAL commands You learn the function of JAL commands such as include, pin, delay, forever loop, while loop, case, exit loop, repeat until, if then, as well as the use of functions, procedures and timer- and port interrupts. JAL programs You make an LED blink, build a time switch, measure a potentiometer’s wiper position, produce sounds, suppress contact bounce, and control the brightness of an LED. And of course you learn to debug, meaning: how to spot and fix errors in your programs. Hardware You learn to recognize various components including the PIC microcontroller, potentiometer and quartz crystal, and how to wire up a PIC microcontroller and effectively link it to your PC. A breadboard is used for the purpose, allowing you to easily modify the component arrangement for further experimenting. The companion software with this book can be downloaded free of charge, including the JAL programming language. In addition, you may order a kit of parts so you don’t have to go shopping for the required components. Especially for a beginner, this is the easiest way to start with this unique pastime. Having finished this book does not mean you are through with your pastime. You can get your hands dirty again, and if desired use other books packed with fun projects using the JAL programming language. More information may be found at the end of the lessons in the chapter "Done! What’s next?""

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In this book the author presents all essential aspects of microcontroller programming, without overloading the reader with unnecessary or quasi-relevant bits of information. Having read the book, you should be able to understand as well as program, 8-bit microcontrollers. The introduction to microcontroller programming is worked out using microcontrollers from the PIC series. Not exactly state-of-the-art with just 8 bits, the PIC micro has the advantage of being easy to comprehend. It is offered in a DIP enclosure, widely available and not overly complex. The entire datasheet of the PIC micro is shorter by decades than the description of the architecture outlining the processor section of an advanced microcontroller. Simplicity has its advantages here. Having mastered the fundamental operation of a microcontroller, you can easily enter into the realms of advanced softcores later. Having placed assembly code as the executive programming language in the foreground in the first part of the book, the author reaches a deeper level with ‘C’ in the second part. Cheerfully alongside the official subject matter, the book presents tips & tricks, interesting measurement technology, practical aspects of microcontroller programming, as well as hands-on options for easier working, debugging and faultfinding.

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Projects with Thonny-IDE, uPyCraft-IDE, and ESP32 The 'Python' programming language has enjoyed an enormous upswing in recent years. Not least, various single-board systems such as the Raspberry Pi have contributed to its popularity. But Python has also found widespread use in other fields, such as artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning (ML). It is obvious, therefore, to use Python or the 'MicroPython' variant for use in SoCs (Systems on Chip) as well. Powerful controllers such as the ESP32 from Espressif Systems offer excellent performance as well as Wi-Fi and Bluetooth functionality at an affordable price. With these features, the Maker scene has been taken by storm. Compared to other controllers, the ESP32 has a significantly larger flash and SRAM memory, as well as a much higher CPU speed. Due to these characteristics, the chip is not only suitable for classic C applications, but also for programming with MicroPython. This book introduces the application of modern one-chip systems. In addition to the technical background, the focus is on MicroPython itself. After the introduction to the language, the programming skills learned are immediately put into practice. The individual projects are suitable for use in the laboratory as well as for everyday applications. So, in addition to the actual learning effect, the focus is also on the joy of building complete and useful devices. By using laboratory breadboards, circuits of all kinds can be realized with little effort, turning the testing and debugging of the 100% homebrew projects into an instructive pleasure. The various applications, such as weather stations, digital voltmeters, ultrasound range finders, RFID card readers or function generators, make the projects presented ideally suited for practical courses or subject and study work in the natural sciences, or in science and technology classes.

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Een diepgaande kijk op de 8-bit AVR-architectuur in ATtiny- en ATmega-microcontrollers, voornamelijk vanuit het oogpunt van software en programmeren. Verken de AVR-architectuur met behulp van C en assembleertaal in Microchip Studio (voorheen Atmel Studio) met ATtiny-microcontrollers. Leer de details van hoe AVR-microcontrollers intern werken, inclusief de interne registers en geheugenkaart van ATtiny-apparaten. Programmeer ATtiny microcontrollers met behulp van een Atmel-ICE programmer/debugger, of gebruik een goedkope hobbyprogrammer, of zelfs een Arduino Uno als programmer. De meeste codevoorbeelden kunnen worden uitgevoerd met behulp van de Microchip Studio AVR simulator. Leer programma's schrijven voor ATtiny microcontrollers in assembleertaal. Zie hoe assembleertaal wordt omgezet in machinecode-instructies door het assembler-programma. Ontdek hoe programma's geschreven in de programmeertaal C eindigen als assembleertaal en uiteindelijk als machinecode-instructies. Gebruik de Microchip Studio debugger in combinatie met een hardware USB programmer/debugger om assembly en C taalprogramma's te testen, of gebruik de Microchip Studio AVR simulator. DIP verpakte ATtiny microcontrollers worden in dit deel gebruikt voor eenvoudig gebruik op elektronische breadboards, voornamelijk gericht op de ATtiny13(A) en ATtiny25/45/85. Leer over instructietiming en klokken in AVR-microcontrollers met behulp van ATtiny-apparaten. Ben je op weg om een AVR-expert te worden met geavanceerde debugging- en programmeervaardigheden.

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Bouw uw eigen projecten met het Elektor Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board De microcontroller is waarschijnlijk het meest fascinerende onderwerp van de moderne elektronica. Door de veelheid aan functies die hij op zijn chip combineert is het een universeel multi-tool voor ontwikkelaars om hun projecten mee te bouwen. Vrijwel elk dagelijks gebruikt apparaat wordt tegenwoordig bestuurd door een microcontroller. Voor een elektronica-leek is het realiseren van de eigen ideeën met een microcontroller echter tot nu toe een utopie gebleven vanwege de complexiteit ervan. Het Arduino-concept heeft het gebruik van microcontrollers sterk vereenvoudigd, zodat zelfs onervaren starters nu hun eigen elektronica ideeën kunnen realiseren met een microcontroller. Book & Hardware in de bundel: 'Leren door te doen' Het boek, dat ook in de bundel zit, leert ons hoe je zelfs zonder veel ervaring met elektronica en programmeertalen je eigen projecten met een microcontroller kunt bouwen. Het is een echte hands-on cursus microcontrollers voor starters. Want na een beschrijving van het inwendige van de microcontroller en een introductie in de programmeertaal C, ligt de focus van de cursus op praktische oefeningen. De lezer bouwt de nodige kennis op met 'leren door te doen': in het uitgebreide praktische gedeelte van het boek, met 12 projecten en 46 oefeningen, wordt het geleerde in het voorste deel van het boek met veel voorbeelden onderbouwd. Elke oefening wordt gevolgd door een uitgewerkt voorbeeld met uitleg en toelichting, wat de lezer helpt om de vraagstukken op te lossen en met de eigen oplossing te vergelijken. Arduino IDE De Arduino IDE is een software ontwikkelomgeving die gratis op de eigen pc kan worden gedownload, en die alle software bevat die nodig is voor uw eigen microcontroller-projecten. U schrijft de programma's ('apps') met de editor van de IDE in de programmeertaal C. En U vertaalt ze naar bits en bytes die de microcontroller begrijpt met behulp van de ingebouwde compiler van de Arduino IDE. En kunt ze vervolgens via een USB-kabel laden naar het geheugen van de microcontroller op het Elektor Arduino MCAB Nano Training Board. Externe sensoren, motoren of schakelingen checken of besturen Naast een Arduino Nano microcontroller module bevat het Elektor Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board ook alle componenten die nodig zijn voor de oefeningen, zoals LED’s, schakelaars, drukknoppen, buzzer enz. Ook externe sensoren, motoren of modules kunnen worden gecheckt of bestuurd met dit microcontroller-trainingssysteem. Specificaties (Arduino Nano Training Board MCCAB) Voeding Via de USB-aansluiting van de aangesloten pc of een externe voeding (niet inbegrepen) Spanning +5 Vcc Ingangsspanning Alle ingangen 0 V tot +5 V VX1 en VX2 +8 V tot +12 V (alleen bij gebruik van een externe voeding) Hardware LCD 2x16 karakters Potentiometer P1 & P2 JP3: Selectie van de werkspanning van P1 & P2 Verdelers SV4: Verdeler voor de werkspanningenSV5, SV6: Verdelers voor de in-/uitgangen van de microcontroller Schakelaars en knoppen RESET knop op de Arduino Nano module; 6x drukknop schakelaars K1 ... K6; 6x Schuifschakelaars S1 ... S6; JP2: Jumper van de schakelaars met de ingangen van de microcontroller Buzzer Piezo buzzer ‘Buzzer1’ met jumper op JP6 Indicator LED’s 11 x LED: Status indicator voor de ingangen/uitgangen LED L op de Arduino Nano module, aangesloten op GPIO D13 JP6; Aansluiting van LED's LD10 ... LD20 met GPIO's D2 ... D12 Seriële interfacesSPI & I²C JP4: Selectie van het signaal op pin X van de SPI-connector SV12 SV9 naar SV12: SPI-interface (3,3 V/5 V) of I²C-interface Uitgangen voor externe apparaten SV1, SV7: Geschakelde uitgang (maximaal +24 V/160 mA, extern aangesloten) SV2: 2x13 pinnen voor aansluiting van externe modules 3x3 LED matrix(9 rode LED's) SV3: Kolommen van de 3x3 LED matrix (uitgangen D6 ... D8) JP1: Verbinding van de rijen met de GPIO's D3 ... D5 Software MCCABLib library Controle van hardware componenten (schakelaars, knoppen, LED's, 3x3 LED matrix, buzzer) op het MCCAB Training Board Werktemperatuur Tot +40 °C Afmetingen 100 x 100 x 20 mm Specificaties (Arduino Nano) Microcontroller ATmega328P Architectuur AVR Spanning 5 V Flash memory 32 KB, waarvan 2 KB gebruikt door de bootloader SRAM 2 KB Kloksnelheid 16 MHz Analoge IN Pinnen 8 EEPROM 1 KB DC stroom per I/O-pin 40 mA op één I/O-pin, totaal maximaal 200 mA op alle pinnen samen Ingangsspanning 7-12 V Digitale I/O-pinnen 22 (waarvan 6 PWM) PWM Uitgangen 6 Stroomverbruik 19 mA Afmetingen 18 x 45 mm Gewicht 7 g Inbegrepen Elektor Arduino Nano MCCAB Training Board Arduino Nano Boek: Microcontrollers Hands-on Course for Arduino Starters

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Specificaties Dubbele ARM Cortex-M0+ @ 133 MHz 264 kB on-chip SRAM in zes onafhankelijke banken Ondersteuning tot 16 MB off-chip Flash memory via speciale QSPI bus DMA-controller Volledig aangesloten AHB crossbar Interpolator en integer divider peripherals On-chip programmeerbare LDO om spanning voor de core te genereren 2x on-chip PLL's om USB en core kloksignalen te genereren 30x GPIO pins, waarvan er 4 als analoge ingangen kunnen worden gebruikt Randapparatuur 2x UARTs 2x SPI controllers 2x I²C controllers 16x PWM kanalen USB 1.1 controller en PHY, met host en device support 8x PIO state machines Wat je krijgt 10x RP2040 ICs

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Technology is constantly changing. New microcontrollers become available every year and old ones become redundant. The one thing that has stayed the same is the C programming language used to program these microcontrollers. If you would like to learn this standard language to program microcontrollers, then this book is for you! ARM microcontrollers are available from a large number of manufacturers. They are 32-bit microcontrollers and usually contain a decent amount of memory and a large number of on-chip peripherals. Although this book concentrates on ARM microcontrollers from Atmel, the C programming language applies equally to other manufacturer’s ARMs as well as other microcontrollers. Features of this book Use only free or open source software. Learn how to download, set up and use free C programming tools. Start learning the C language to write simple PC programs before tackling embedded programming - no need to buy an embedded system right away! Start learning to program from the very first chapter with simple programs and slowly build from there. No programming experience is necessary! Learn by doing - type and run the example programs and exercises. Sample programs and exercises can be downloaded from the Internet. A fun way to learn the C programming language. Ideal for electronic hobbyists, students and engineers wanting to learn the C programming language in an embedded environment on ARM microcontrollers.

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The newcomer to Microchip’s PIC microcontrollers invariably gets an LED to flash as their first attempt to master this technology. You can use just a simple LED indicator in order to show that your initial attempt is working, which will give you confidence to move forward. This is how the book begins — simple programs to flash LEDs, and eventually by stages to use other display indicators such as the 7-segment display, alphanumeric liquid crystal displays and eventually a colour graphic LCD. As the reader progresses through the book, bigger and upgraded PIC chips are introduced, with full circuit diagrams and source code, both in assembler and C. In addition, a small tutorial is included using the MPLAB programming environment, together with the EAGLE schematic and PCB design package to enable readers to create their own designs using the book’s many case studies as working examples to work from.

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In dit boek gebruiken we JAL (Just Another Language) om de PIC-microcontroller te programmeren in 60 oefeningen. JAL is makkelijk in gebruik en is een goede basis om programmeren in andere talen snel te leren. Na het lezen en toepassen van de voorbeelden in dit boek kan iedereen die zich hierin serieus heeft verdiept met behulp van JAL zelf de microcontroller aansturen. Je leert onder meer het programmeren van timers, analoog/digitaal omzetters, comparators, pulsbreedte regeling voor motoren en geluid, LED- en LCD-scherm aansturing, USB-connectie en communicatiemogelijkheden met computers of andere microcontrollers. Ook weet je aan het eind van het boek wat je moet doen om nu nog onbekende mogelijkheden te gaan toepassen. Met deze kennis kan iedereen van beginner tot meer gevorderde zijn creativiteit vorm geven in projecten met microcontrollers. Wil je verder met leren programmeren dan legt dit boek ook een zeer goede basis. Wie goed met JAL overweg kan en zich de gestructureerde wijze van denken heeft aangeleerd, zal de stap naar andere programmeertalen zoals Python, C++ enz. kunnen maken. Ook het programmeren van minicomputers zoals de Raspberry Pi en Arduino zijn mogelijkheden. Om te starten is geen kennis van elektronica nodig. Wie niets weet van elektronica, krijgt overal in het boek de noodzakelijke kennis aangereikt. Alle belangrijke en benodigde informatie staat in de tekst.

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