Elektor GREEN en GOLD leden kunnen deze uitgave hier downloaden.
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OBD2-sensordashboardOude meters vormden het startpunt van een zoektocht naar echte gegevens
OBD2: voeg een toerenteller en schakelindicator toe aan je autoRetro, maar uiterst nuttig
LiDAR- en Visiesensoren voor Robotica
Sensor+Test 2025 en PCIM 2025
Contactloze E-Veldmetingen (1)Een Trillende Membraan voor het Detecteren van Gelijkspanningen of Statische Elektrische Velden
Draadloze brievenbusmeldervan optische sensoren tot radar: enkele mogelijkheden
Elektor Mini-Wheelieeen zelfbalancerende robot
ZonnecellenVreemde onderdelen, de serie
Aan de slag met een moderne radarsensorStaat een nauwkeurige meting op uw radar?
Uit het leven gegrepenpapierfabriek
CybersecurityZware tijden voor hackers
Infographics: IoT en sensoren 2025
Bluetooth 6.0 brengt verbeterde toepassingen voor afstandsbepalingNieuwe versie biedt betere apparaatpositionerings- en -locatieservices
Draadloze communicatie verkennen met BeagleY-AI
Err-lectronicsCorrecties, updates en lezerspost
Alle begin......sluit het thema opamps af
Een krachtige AI-codeerassistentsneller ontwikkelen met Continue en Visual Studio Code
Zonne-laadregelaar met MPPT (2)Het schema
Ultrasone obstakeldetectoreen eenvoudig project om slechtzienden te helpen
2025: Een AI-odysseeHalfjaaroverzicht
Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI-synthesizer (3)Het slimmer maken en een gebruikersinterface toevoegen
Meshtastic: een demonstratieprojectEen slim netwerk van LoRa-radio's
Analoge audio-frequentiegeneratorHoogwaardige sinusgenerator met instelbare frequentie
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
DIY Solar Energy StorageBuild Your Own Energy Store for a PV Solar Array
Solar Module SimulatorA Solution for Testing and Optimizing MPP Trackers and Inverters
The STM32 Edge AI ContestExplore the new STM32N6 and Compete for a Share of €5,000 in Prizes!
Widening the BandgapWhy There Is So Much Interest in SiC and GaN
Notebook Power BankExtend the Life of Your Aged Laptop
Medical RobotsOvercoming Technical and Regulatory Hurdles
Frost Guard for Fruit Plants With Temperature Data Logger
The Analog ThingThe Arduino of Analog Computing?
Energy Saving Relay DriverSaves 90% of Relay Drive Power
Improving the ET5410A+ DC loadKeep Cool and Be Quiet, Please
electronica 2024 in Review
Electromagnetic CompatibilityEMC in a Nutshell!
Starting Out in Electronics……Filters Actively
Reducing Power Dissipation With Dropping CapacitorsA Clever Use of Capacitive Reactance
The Affordable MCP4725 12-Bit Digital-to-Analog ConverterAn EEPROM Feature Enables Safe Switch-On Behavior
Fnirsi LCR-ST1 Smart LCR SMD Tweezers
Raspberry Pi-Based Private Test & Measurement LabFirst Things First: The ADC
Electronic Load ResistorAn Out-of-the-Box Project
2025: An AI OdysseySome Projects to See in the New Year
AmpVolt v2.0 Project Update100 Amps and Beyond!
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters
Unveiling Ethical TransparencyInsights from Ethics in Electronics’s 2024 Survey
Elektor Audio DSP FX Processor Board (2)Creating Applications
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
USB Measurement AdapterTesting Current and Signal Quality of USB Ports
4...20 mA Current Output for Arduino UnoA Reliable, EMI-Insensitive Current Loop Interface
Vacuum Cleaner Automatic ControlKeep Your Tools’ Work Area Clean
DDS Generator with ATtiny
Opamp-Tester V2New PCB – Now Also Suitable for SMDs
550-mW “Lamp” Audio AmplifierGet the Warm Sound of Vacuum Tubes With Ease
Fuse GuardMonitoring a Fuse with a Flashing LED
HQ RIAA PreamplifierGet the Most Out of Your Vinyl Records!
Turntable Speed CalibratorAn Arduino-Based 100–120 Hz Strobe Light Generator
Elektor Classics: video buffer/repeater
Infrared Remote-Controlled DimmerControl Your Halogen or LED Floor Lamp Effortlessly and With Style
How to Use switch…case on Strings in C++/Arduino IDE
Magnet FinderWith a Simple Hall-Effect Sensor
Raspberry Pi Smart Power ButtonA Solution for Raspberry Pi Up to Model 4
Essential Maker TipsProfessional Insights for Everyday Making
Practical Projects with the 555 TimerDC Motor Control and Fast Reaction Challenges
Basic AC-Load-On MonitorSave Energy with a Simple Device
Power Banks in ParallelA Three-Day Continuous Power Solution
VFO Up to 15 MHzAn Implementation With Raspberry Pi Pico
Violin Tuner with ATtiny202
Elektor Classics: video amplifier for B/W television sets
Capacitance Meter20 pF to 600 nF
Quasi-Analog Clockwork Mk IITwo LED Rings for Hours and Minutes
You Can Do Anything You Want(with the Arduino Ecosystem at Your Side)
Neon Lamp Dice
Elektor Classics: RTTY calibrator indicator
Inspiring Hardware Designs for Your ESPs
Elektor Classics: variable 3 A power supply
RGB LEDs with Integrated Control CircuitLight with Precision: ICLEDs Set Standards
Experiment: Towards a Mixed-Signal Theremin?Blending Modern Time-of-Flight Sensors With the Timeless XR2206 Analog Generator
ESP32 Audio Transceiver Board (Part 1)SD Card WAV File Player Demo
Infographics: Circuits and Circuit Design 2025
Small Audio MixerA Simple and Versatile Scalable Design
Smart Staircase Light TimerSave More Money on the Energy Bill!
Smarten Up Your ShuttersControlling Velux Hardware With an ESP32 and MQTT
Solid-State Foot WarmerEnergy-Efficient Comfort
Is the M5Stamp Fly Quadcopter the Next Tello?
Boosting Wi-Fi Range of the ESP32-C3 SuperMiniA Simple and Effective Antenna Mod
ZD-8968 Hot-Air Soldering StationA Budget-Friendly Workhorse or Just Hot Air?
Parking Sensor TesterFinding Defects in the PDC System of a Car
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
Small Thermal Imaging CameraAn Arduino UNO-Based DIY Solution
Project Update #3: ESP32-Based Energy MeterIntegration and Testing with Home Assistant
2024: An AI OdysseyEnhancing Object Detection: Integrating Refined Techniques
Raspberry Pi Goes AINew Kit Incorporates M.2 HAT+ With AI Accelerator
Weather Station SensorsWhich One Should You Choose?
AI-Based Water Meter Reading (1)Get Your Old Meter Onto the IoT!
A GSM AlarmHarnessing GSM Technology for Remote Garage Safety
Low-Power Thread Devices Optimized and ScrutinizedLow Power … Low Effort?
From Life’s ExperienceThe Gender Gap
DIY Cloud ChamberMaking Invisible Radiation Visible
SparkFun Thing Plus MatterA Versatile Matter-Based IoT Development Board
IoT RetrofittingMaking RS-232 Devices Fit for Industry 4.0
Enabling IoT with 8-Bit MCUs
Technology Drives SustainabilityAdvances Lead to More Efficient Use of Energy in Many Applications
AWS for Arduino and Co. (1)Using AWS IoT ExpressLink in Real Life
Airflow Detector Using Arduino OnlyNo External Sensors Needed!
Water Leak DetectorConnected to Arduino Cloud
CrystalsPeculiar Parts, the Series
Universal Garden LoggerA Step Towards AI Gardening
Analog 1 kHz GeneratorSine Waves with Low Distortion
Miletus: Using Web Apps OfflineSystem and Device Access Included!
From 4G to 5GIs It Such an Easy Step?
Starting Out in Electronics……Balances Out
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
The RISC-V Open-Source Processor Architecture16 Boards and MCUs You Should Know
An FPGA-Based Audio Player with Equalizer (1)Mixing Digital Audio with an Arduino MKR Vidor 4000
Laser Head for Pico-Based Sand ClockDrawing with Light
Enter the STM32 Edge AI Contest
A Multi-Sensor Environmental Monitoring System for PlantsWireless Measurement of Water Supply and Light Conditions
Maixduino AI-Powered Automatic DoormanFace Detection with a Camera
Embedded Electronics 2024AI Is Set to Redefine the Industry
Charge-Based In-Memory Compute at EnCharge AI
AI Inferencing at 10 Times Lower Power and 20 Fold Lower Cost
Click Board Helps Develop and Train ML Models for Vibration Analysis
The Elektor Mini-WheelieA Self-Balancing Robot Kit
MCU, I See YouMCUViewer Open-Source Multiplatform Debugging Tool
USB 2.0 IsolatorElectrically Isolated Connections for USB Devices
Intervention Before DamagePredictive Maintenance in Practice
SPoE – Electromagnetic CompatibilitySingle-Pair with Power-Over-Ethernet Through the Eyes of EMC
Color TV: A Wonder of Its TimeCreating a New World
ECG Graph MonitoringAn Implementation with Hexabitz Modules and an STM32CubeMonitor
The Battle for AI at the Edge
HaLow Hits Record 16-km Wi-Fi Distance at 900 MHz
First CHERI RISC-V Embedded Chip and Early Access Programme
Third-Generation Wildfire Detection Uses Satellite Links
From Life’s ExperienceChoice Overload
Starting Out in Electronics……Continues Filtering and Controls Tone
Quasi-Analog ClockworkA Remake of an Elektor Classic
A Modular Approach to Sensor TestingThe ESP32-S3-Based Sensor Evaluation Board
2025: An AI OdysseyThe Rise of Foundation Models and Their Role in Democratizing AI
Raspberry Pi Standalone MIDI Synthesizer (1)Preparing a Platform for Some Edge AI Experiments
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates, and Readers’ Letters
Universal AI RISC-V Processor Does It All — CPU, GPU, DSP, FPGA
CEO Interview: Ventiva’s Thin and Cool Tech
Dual-Core Programming with a Raspberry Pi PicoVenture Into the World of Parallel Programming
The QAV250 Kit is the perfect way to get started developing on either PX4 or Ardupilot. It pairs a carbon fiber 250 racing frame and essential electronics with Pixhawk 6C mini autopilot. The kit is easy to assemble. No soldering needed.
Specifications
Micro Power Module (PM06 v2)
Motors: 2207 KV1950
Wheelbase: 250 mm
Dimensions: 198 x 235 x 70 mm
Weight: 347 g
Included
Carbon fiber 250 airframe with hardware
Micro Power Module (PM06 v2)
Motors: 2207 KV1950
5" Plastic Props
Fully assembled Power Management Board with ESCs (BLHeli S ESC 20A)
Battery Straps
Note: LiPo battery is not included.
The Peak Atlas DCA55 is great for automatically identifying the type of semiconductor on the test leads as well as the pinout and many other parameters.
Supports transistors MOSFETs, JFETs (gate pin only can be identified), diodes, LEDs and lots more. Automatically identifies type of component, pinout and other important parameters. Now features transistor leakage measurement and Germanium/Silicon identification.
Component Support
Bipolar transistors (NPN/PNP inc Silicon/Germanium)
Darlington transistors (NPN/PNP)
Enhancement mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch)
Depletion mode MOSFETs (N-Ch and P-Ch)
Junction FETs (N-Ch and P-Ch). Only gate lead identified.
Diodes and diode networks (2 and 3 lead types).
LEDs and bi-colour LEDs (2 lead and 3 lead types).
Low power sensitive Triacs and Thyristors (<5 mA trigger and hold)
Measurements
Part type identification
Pinout identification
BJT current gain (hFE)
BJT base emitter voltage (Vbe)
BJT collector leakage current
MOSFET gate threshold voltage
Diode forward voltage drop (Vf)
Specificaties
Analyzer type
Transistors, Diodes, LEDs, MOSFETs, JFETs
Pinout detection
Full pinout (only Gate on JFETs)
Pinout configuration
Connect any way round
Transistor measurements
Vbe, hFE, Iceo
MOSFET measurements
Vgs(on)
Diode measurements
Vf
Probe type
Universal grabber type
Battery
Single AAA cell (supplied). Life typically 1300 ops
Test conditions
Typically 5 mA, 5 V peak
Display type
Alphanumeric LCD (with backlight)
Inbegrepen
DCA55 Semiconductor Component Analyser instrument
Comprehensive illustrated user guide
Fitted universal hook probes
AAA Alkaline battery
Downloads
Datasheet (EN)
User Guide (EN)
UNDERSTANDING THE NEURONS IN NEURAL NETWORKS (PART 1)Artificial Neurons
EMC PRE-COMPLIANCE TEST FOR YOUR DC-POWERED PROJECT (PART 1)Dual DC LISN
ELECTRONIC LOAD FOR DC AND ACUp to 400 V and 10 A (Peak)
STARTING OUT IN ELECTRONICSEasier Than Imagined! ...Taking on the Choke!
IMAGE PROCESSING WITH THE NVIDIA JETSON NANO (PART 1)The Hardware and Software
AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT MAINS TRANSFORMERSHow Do They Behave When They Are Switched On and Off?
YES WE CAN WITH PICAN 3A CAN Bus HAT for the Raspberry Pi 4
BALCONY POWER PLANTDIY Solar Balcony = Speedy Payback!
IMAGING AND VIDEO-STREAMING WITH A RASPBERRY PI 4The Raspberry Pi High-Quality Camera in Practice
USING DISPLAYS IN RASPBERRY PI PROJECTSSample Chapter: Organic Light Emitting Diode Displays (OLED)
HANDS ON THE PARALLAX PROPELLER 2 (PART 4)Sending Strings
ELEKTOR @ 60A Look Back at Previous Septembers
HOMELAB TOURSIn the Friesian Countryside, Where the Tubes Bloom ...
HYBRIDSPeculiar Parts, the series
A COMPASS ROSE USING THE GY-271Or Why We Move in Figures of Eight to Calibrate a Sensor
FINDING YOUR FOOTPRINTCalculate the Carbon Footprint of Your Electronics
ESP32-CONNECTED THERMOSTATKeep Your Wine at the Right Temperature!
MAGNETIC LEVITATION THE DIGITAL WAYESP32 Pico Replaces the Analog Comparator
ULTIMATE ARDUINO UNO HARDWARE MANUALSample Chapter: Main Microcontroller Bootloader
MICROPYTHON FOR THE ESP32 AND FRIENDS (PART 2)Control Matrix Displays Easily
MADMACHINE SWIFTIO BOARDModern Language Meets Modern Hardware
FROM LIFE’S EXPERIENCEOn-Again, Off-Again Relationship
HEXADOKUThe Original Elektorized Sudoku
The LCR45 does everything that the popular LCR40 does, but it has some significant enhancements. The LCR45 features a new high capacity micro and high resolution ADCs.
LCR45 incorporates advanced maths, based on Complex Impedance analysis. This allows for enhanced component value measurement as well as a comprehensive and detailed impedance display.
Kenmerken
Supplied with gold plated removable hook probes.
Fluid measurements with hold function.
Automatic or manual component type.
Automatic or manual test frequency, DC, 1 kHz, 15 kHz or 200 kHz.
Enhanced measurement resolution: 0.2 µH, 0.2 pF and 0.2 Ohms.
Easy menu system for user settings.
Enhanced compensation for component parasitics and losses (such as core losses etc).
Automatic or manual power-off.
Specificaties
Analyser type
LCR and component impedance
Component types
Auto/Manual for L,C & R
Measurement types
Inductance, Capacitance and Resistance
Other measurements
Complex impedance/admittance
More measurements
Magnitude and Phase of impedance
Inductance range
0uH to 2H
Capacitance range
0 pF to 10000 uF
Resistance range
0R to 2MR
Test frequency
Auto and manual: DC, 1 kHz, 15 kHz, 200 kHz
Display type
Alphanumeric LCD (not backlit)
Measurement scheme
Continuous (with optional hold)
Battery
GP23 (12 V/55 mAH type), ~700 ops
Inbegrepen
LCR45 Passive Component Impedance Meter
2 mm plugs and sockets and removeable hook probes
Comprehensive illustrated user guide
2 Batteries, one installed and one spare. GP23 Alkaline battery. (12 V/55 mAH)
Downloads
Datasheet (EN)
User Guide (EN)
Elektor GREEN and GOLD members can download their digital edition here.
Not a member yet? Click here.
Project Update: ESP32-Based Energy MeterNext Steps in Prototyping
Optimizing Balcony Power PlantsConsiderations, Interesting Facts, and Calculations
ESP32 With OpenDTU for Balcony Power PlantsRead Data from Small Inverters Via MCUs
Variable Linear Power Supply Ensemble0…50 V / 0…2 A + Dual Symmetrical Supply
Energy Storage Today and TomorrowAn Interview With Simon Engelke
2024: An AI OdysseyIt’s Not Letting Up
Bluetooth LE on the STM32A Way to Read Measurements Remotely
Human-Centric Smart Kitchen Grocery Container
MAUI: Programming for PC, Tablet, and SmartphoneThe New Framework in Theory and Practice
ChatMagLevThe AI Way of Levitation
Simple PV Power RegulatorBuild Your First, Fully Functional PV Energy Management System
Cold-Cathode DevicesPeculiar Parts, the Series
From Life’s ExperienceNostalgia
Starting Out in Electronics……Looking at FETs
CAN Bus Tutorial for the Arduino UNO R4Two UNO R4s Hop on the Bus!
Infographics: Power & Energy
Comprehensive Design and Development SupportArrow Engineering Services
Comparing Power Density and Power Efficiency
Aluminium Electrolytic CapacitorsInterference Potential in Audio Technology
USB Test and MeasurementThe Fnirsi FNB58
The Pixel Pump Pick-and-Place ToolSimplifying Manual SMT Board Assembly
HomeLab ToursNot So Long Ago, in a Far-Away Country...
“In the world of ethics in electronics, even small steps can make a significant impact.”
Ethics in ElectronicsThe OECD Guidelines and Germany’s Supply Chain Due Diligence Act
Chadèche: Smart Ni-MH Charger/DischargerA Reader’s Project in Brief
Err-lectronicsCorrections, Updates and Readers’ Letters
As demand for solar panel installation has risen sharply, especially for installations larger than balcony power plants, the order books of solar companies are full. If you ask for a quote today, you may have to wait a while, if your request isn't simply postponed indefinitely. Another consequence of the solar boom is that some companies are charging very high prices for installations.
Yet there is an obvious and radical solution to the problem of excessive prices: Do it yourself, as the English say. The price of materials is currently affordable, and it's the ideal time for those who do the work themselves. They couldn't save more. Add to this the satisfaction of doing something useful, both economically and ecologically, and the pleasure of building yourself.
In this special issue, you'll find a wide selection of Elektor assemblies, from solar panel controllers to solar water heaters and solar panel orientation systems. The issue also contains practical information on solar panel installation and the technology behind them. Finally, there are a number of articles on the subject of balcony power plants, from how to install them to how to connect them to the Internet...
Contents
BASICS
Dimensioning Photovoltaic Panel ArraysAn introduction to photovoltaic energy and the commonest techniques,followed by simplified calculation models and setup guidelines.
Light Sensor TechnologyMeasuring daylight using LEDs.
Solar Power Made SimpleSolar charging with and without a controller.
Cable Cross-sections and Energy Losses in Solar SystemsKey considerations on the minimum values to respect for electricalcurrent in solar panel cabling.
Solar ModulesEverything you always wanted to know about solar panels...
Ideal Diode ControllerDiode Circuits with Low Power Dissipation.
TIPS
Tracking for Solar Modules
zBot Solar/Battery Power Supply
Solar Cell Array Charger with Regulator
Solar Cell Voltage Regulator
Solar-Powered Night Light
Alternative Solar Battery Charger
PROJECTS
Energy LoggerMeasuring and Recording Power Consumption.
Tiny Solar SupplySunlight In, 3.3 V Out.
A Do-It-Yourself DTURead Data from Small Inverters by μC.
Solar ChargerPortable energy for people on the move.
Solar Thermal Energy RegulatorMaximum power point tracking explored.
2-amp Maximum Power Tracking ChargerSolar Power To The Max.
Computer-driven HeliostatFollow the sun or the stars.
Garden LightingUsing solar cells.
Solar Panel Voltage Converter for IoT DevicesYes we CAN exploit indoor lighting.
Travel ChargerFree power in the mountains.
Solar Cell Battery Charger/MonitorWith protection against deep discharge.
Solar-powered Battery ChargerPIC12C671 avoids overcharging and deep charging.
Converters for Photovoltaic PanelsContributed by TME (Transfer MultisortElektronik).
Solar Charging RegulatorFor panels up to 53 watts.
Solar-Powered ChargerFor lead-acid batteries.
CAN Bus + Arduino for Solar PV Cell MonitoringDetect and locate serviceable panels in large arrays.
Balcony Power Plant 2.0The latest: solar panels, installation and inverters
Diese Ausgabe steht allen GOLD- und GREEN-Mitgliedern auf der ElektorMagazine-Website zum Download bereit!
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High-End aus dem Elektor-Labor
High-End-Verstärker Fortissimo-100Vollsymmetrische Audio-Endstufe mit 100/190 W
Frequenzbestimmung unbekannter Schwingkreise und QuarzeTips & Tricks, Best Practices and Other Useful Information
Platinen entwerfenTipps aus der Praxis
Löten ….na und?Ein etwas genauerer Blick auf die heutige Löttechnik
Bluetooth-Garagentorsteuerung mit niedriger LatenzSteuerung mit kurzen BLE-Nachrichten über ein Smartphone
Ideal Diode Controller„Dioden“ mit geringer Verlustleistung
LED-Girlanden mit ESP32 und FreeRTOSBlinken und variable Helligkeit
Aller Anfang ...... muss nicht schwer sein: Es geht weiter mit den Z-Dioden
UKW/DAB+-EmpfängerDas Beste aus beiden Welten
Aus dem Leben gegriffenElectronica Obscura
Software-Fehlern drahtlos auf der SpurZirkularer Puffer und Webserver auf dem ESP32
Hat Covid einen Innovationsschub im Ingenieurwesen ausgelöst?Innovative Bauteile, Komponenten und Lösungen 2022
Ersa i-CON TRACE – die IoT-Lötstation für Praktiker
Infographics
Was wollen wir mit all diesen Daten machen?
Ansteuerung des E-Paper-Displays von Ynvisible
Immer innovativ mit InnoFaithF&A mit Walter Arkesteijn
Industrielle AutomatisierungEinfache und skalierbare IoT-Nachrüstungen
Das Oszilloskop der nächsten Generation für schnellere EinblickeRohde & Schwarz präsentiert die R&S MXO 4 Serie
Linear-Steckverbinder mit niedrigem Profil lösen Aufgaben im Multi-Signal-Datenmanagement
Smart – Innovativ – KosteneffizientGateMate-FPGAs entwickelt und hergestellt in Deutschland
Vom Layout zum Prototypen an einem Tag4-Lagen-PCBs im Elektronik-Labor
Tools für die kostengünstige Sensorentwicklung
Isolierter Analogausgang für Arduino Uno
Betreten für Unbefugte verboten!Herr Karenovics entdeckt das Theremin
electronica fast forward 2022 - powered by ElektorLine-up und Zeitplan
SenderpeilungVerlorene Funk-Wettersensoren wiederfinden
Das interne Rauschen eines ICs abschätzenMit einer einfachen Methode
Ethik in AktionUnterstützt vom WEEF
Ohne Ethik kein nachhaltiges GeschäftEin Interview mit Professor Stefan Heinemann
Der WEEF-Index 2023
Filter-SoftwareDesign-Tools für analoge Filter
TV-B-Gone!... oder zumindest: B-OFF
RP2040-basierte Luftgütemessung
Kickstart zu Python 3Ein Beispiel-Kapitel: Digitale Bildverarbeitung und Wand-Bibliothek
PolyfusesBemerkenswerte Bauteile
Hexadoku