Zoekresultaten voor "elektronik OR news"

History and Future in the Internet of Things This book thoroughly reviews the history of the development of embedded Operating Systems, covers the technical characteristics, historic facts, as well as background business stories of mainstream embedded Operating Systems, and analyzes the technical evolution, market development, and new opportunities of embedded Operating Systems in the age of the Internet of Things. From the perspective of time, the book examines the evolution of critical technical aspects, including real-time and Power Management of embedded Operating Systems and Linux, Internet of Things security, communication, and cloud computing. The book looks into applications of embedded Operating Systems with important markets of mobile phones, communication equipment, automobile, and wearable devices, and also discusses business model and the issue of intellectual property of embedded Operating Systems. In addition, the book walks through the status quo, technical features, product evaluation and background of the Internet of Things Operating Systems in the second half of the book.

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De SDRplay RSPduo is een hoogwaardige 14-bit SDR-ontvanger met dubbele tuner. De tuner is ondergebracht in een hoogwaardige stalen behuizing en kan afzonderlijk werken tussen 1 kHz en 2 GHz met een bandbreedte tot 10 MHz. Beide tuners kunnen tegelijkertijd werken tussen 1 kHz en 2 GHz met een bandbreedte tot 2 MHz per tuner. Een zeer stabiele referentie en externe klokfuncties maken dit apparaat ideaal voor industriële, wetenschappelijke en educatieve toepassingen. Kenmerken Dubbele tuner biedt onafhankelijke dekking van 1 kHz tot 2 GHz met behulp van 2 antennepoorten tegelijk 14-bits ADC-siliciumtechnologie Tot 10 MHz zichtbare bandbreedte (enkele tunermodus) of 2 slices van 2 MHz spectrum (dubbele tunermodus) 3 softwarematig selecteerbare antennepoorten (2x 50Ω en 1x 1kΩ hoge impedantie gebalanceerde/ongebalanceerde ingang) Antennepoort met hoge impedantie (1 kHz tot 30 MHz) met selecteerbaar MW-notchfilter en keuze uit 2 voorselectiefilters Softwarematig selecteerbare AM/FM- en DAB-uitzendband-notchfilters voor de 2 SMA-antennepoorten (1 kHz tot 2 GHz) Externe klokinvoer en -uitvoer maken eenvoudige synchronisatie met meerdere RSP's of een externe referentieklok mogelijk Wordt gevoed via de USB-kabel met een eenvoudige type B-aansluiting 11 hoogselectieve, ingebouwde front-end preselectiefilters op beide 2 SMA-antennepoorten Softwarematig selecteerbare multi-level Low Noise voorversterker Bias-T voeding voor het voeden van een op de antenne gemonteerde LNA In een robuuste, zwart gelakte stalen behuizing. SDRuno – SDR-software van wereldklasse voor Windows Gedocumenteerde API voor de ontwikkeling van nieuwe apps Specificaties Frequentiebereik 1 kHz – 2 GHz Antenne-aansluiting SMA Antenne-impedantie 50 ohm Stroomverbruik (typisch) Enkele tunermodus: 180 mA (excl. Bias-T)Dubbele tunermodus: 280 mA (excl. Bias-T) USB-aansluiting USB type B Maximaal ingangsvermogen +0 dBm Continu+10 dBm korte duur ADC-samplefrequenties 2-10,66 MSPS ADC-aantal bits 14 bit 2-6,048 MSPS12 bit 6,048-8,064 MSPS10 bit 8,064-9,216 MSPS8 bit >9,216 MSPS Bias-T 4,7 V100 mA gegarandeerd Referentie Hoge temperatuurstabiliteit (0,5 ppm) 24 MHz TCXOFrequentiefout instelbaar tot 0,01 ppm in het veld Bedrijfstemperatuurbereik −10°C tot +60°C Afmetingen 98 x 94 x 33 mm Gewicht 315 g Downloads Datasheet Detailed Technical Information Software RSPdx-R2 vs RSPduo RSPdx-R2 RSPduo Continue dekking van 1 kHz tot 2 GHz ✓ ✓ Tot 10 MHz zichtbare bandbreedte ✓ ✓ 14-bits ADC siliciumtechnologie plus meerdere krachtige ingangsfilters ✓ ✓ Softwarematig selecteerbare AM/FM & DAB broadcast band notch filters ✓ ✓ 4,7 V Bias-T voor voeding van externe antenneversterker ✓ ✓ Voedt de USB-kabel met een eenvoudige aansluiting type B ✓ ✓ 50Ω SMA-antenne-ingang(en) voor werking van 1 kHz tot 2 GHz (softwarematig instelbaar) 2 2 Extra softwarematig selecteerbare Hi-Z ingang voor werking tot 30 MHz ✓ Extra softwarematig selecteerbare 50Ω BNC-ingang voor werking tot 200 MHz ✓ Extra LF/VLF-filter voor onder 500 kHz ✓ 24 MHz referentieklokingang (+ uitgang op RSPduo) ✓ ✓ Dubbele tuners voor ontvangst op 2 totaal onafhankelijke 2 MHz-bereiken ✓ Dubbele tuners voor diversiteitsontvangst met SDRuno ✓ Robuuste zwartgelakte stalen behuizing ✓ ✓ Algemene prestaties onder 2 MHz voor MW en LF ++ + Meerdere gelijktijdige toepassingen + ++ Prestaties in uitdagende fading-omstandigheden (*met gebruik van diversiteitsafstemming) + *++

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Nobody has any doubt that valve amplifiers produce a remarkably beautiful sound. They have a lively, deep, clear, and expressive sound, and dynamically they do not appear to have any limitations. The author investigates, in a systematic theoretical approach, the reasons for these beautiful properties. He develops new models for power valves and transformers, thus enabling the designer to determine the properties of the amplifier during the design process. Mathematical models for the coupling of power valve(s) and output transformer are provided. These will generate new insights in a special kind of distortion: the dynamic damping factor distortion (DDFD). With mathematical models in the complex domain, especially the properties at the limits of our hearing range (from 20 Hz to 20 kHz) are investigated and the minimal stability criteria for the amplifier are formulated. The often-applied negative feedback in amplifiers is extensively modelled and discussed in relation to our hearing appreciating. And after all this theory a fine selection of special amplifiers is presented and discussed. You will notice in this book that the author not only writes about amplifier technique, but tells about the way the development of valve amplifiers can have an influence on your daily life; even the usefulness of patents is discussed. Summarizing: new theories and solutions for perfect audio with valve amplifiers. Not only the professional and the DIY-er but everyone who wants to understand valve amplifiers will read this book with much pleasure.

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Getting started with the world’s best open-source PCB tool The latest iteration of KiCad, the world’s best free-to-use Printed Circuit Board tool, is packed with features usually found only in expensive commercial CAD tools. This modern, cross-platform application suite built around schematic and design editors, with auxiliary applications is a stable and mature PCB tool. KiCad 8 is a perfect fit for electronic engineers and makers. Here are the most significant improvements and features in KiCad 8, both over and under the hood: Modern user interface, completely redesigned from earlier versions Improved and customizable electrical and design rule checkers Theme editor allowing you to customize KiCad on your screen Ability to import projects from Eagle, CADSTART, and more Python scripting API Improved integrated SPICE circuit simulator Multi-sheet schematics Filters define selectable elements Enhanced interactive router helps you draw single tracks and differential pairs with precision New or enhanced tools to draw tracks, measure distances, tune track lengths, etc. Advanced interactive router Built-in bill of materials generator Realistic ray-tracing capable 3D viewer Customizable teardrops Plug-in manager for quick installation of themes, libraries and functionalities such as autorouters and BOM generators This book will teach you to use KiCad through a practical approach. It will help you become productive quickly and start designing your own boards. Example projects illustrate the basic features of KiCad, even if you have no prior knowledge of PCB design. The author describes the entire workflow from schematic entry to the intricacies of finalizing the files for PCB production and offers sound guidance on the process. Further full-fledged projects, of incremental difficulty, will be presented in a second book, together with a variety of advanced recipes.

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Programming and Projects for the Minima and WiFi Based on the low-cost 8-bit ATmega328P processor, the Arduino Uno R3 board is likely to score as the most popular Arduino family member, and this workhorse has been with us for many years. Eleven years later, the long-overdue successor, the Arduino Uno R4, was released. It is built around a 48 MHz, 32-bit Arm Cortex-M4 microcontroller and provides significantly expanded SRAM and Flash memory. Additionally, a higher-precision ADC and a new DAC are added to the design. The Uno R4 board also supports the CAN Bus with an interface. Two versions of the board are available: Uno R4 Minima, and Uno R4 WiFi. This book is about using these new boards to develop many different and interesting projects with just a handful of parts and external modules. All projects described in the book have been fully tested on the Uno R4 Minima or the Uno R4 WiFi board, as appropriate. The project topics include the reading, control, and driving of many components and modules in the kit as well as on the relevant Uno R4 board, including LEDs 7-segment displays (using timer interrupts) LCDs Sensors RFID Reader 4x4 Keypad Real-time clock (RTC) Joystick 8×8 LED matrix Motors DAC (Digital-to-analog converter) LED matrix WiFi connectivity Serial UART CAN bus Infrared controller and receiver Simulators … all in creative and educational ways with the project operation and associated software explained in great detail.

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Het Miniware draadloze soldeerstation TS1C (met ingebouwd OLED-scherm en Bluetooth) is een intelligent soldeer tool dat in minder dan 20 seconden opwarmt tot 400°C. Dankzij de ingebouwde accu ligt de draadloze soldeerbout prettig in de hand en is hij gemakkelijk in gebruik. Kenmerken Nieuwe energieopslag technologie met hoogrenderende supercondensator, 10.000-level laad- en ontlaadtijden Separaat ontwerp + true wireless, geniet daardoor van het draadloos solderen BLE4.2 Bluetooth technologie voor het op afstand bedienen en instellen Standaard PD2 20 V met 45 W max opgenomen vermogen, en tot 36 W soldeervermogen, kan continu meer dan 180 soldeerverbindingen (0805) solderen met één enkele volledige lading Voorverwarming in het control station, om de verwarmingsefficiëntie te verbeteren Drie uitbreidingssleuven voor accessoires Control station Standard PD2 20 V met 45 W max opgenomen vermogen, overstroom beveiliging OLED-scherm met 128x64 pixels, weergave van de status van de soldeerbout in realtime Voorverwarming in het control station, om de verwarmingsefficiëntie te verbeteren Afstandsbediening en instelling: temperatuurregeling, menu instelling, weergave van informatie en status van het apparaat, enzovoort. Functioneert als soldeerstandaard en laadstation Drie uitbreidingssleuven voor meerdere aanvullende accessoires, zoals een sponssleuf Soldeerbout Ingebouwde 750F supercondensator voor energieopslag met hoog rendement, kan worden opgeladen via het control station (of in noodgevallen via de USB type-C-interface) 36 W maximaal verwarmingsvermogen, kan continu meer dan 180 soldeerverbindingen (0805) solderen met één enkele volledige lading Compatibel met Miniware 3,5 mm audio-interface soldeerpunten (TS80/80P soldeerstift serie) Boost modus (de knop op de pen ingedrukt houden) Inbegrepen TS1C Soldeerbout TS1C Control Station Soldeerstift (TS-B02) Siliconen kabel Sponsgleuf incl. spons Handleiding

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De Joy-Pi Advanced is een compact en krachtig instrument waarmee je snel en eenvoudig je projecten kunt realiseren. Of je nu veel of weinig ervaring hebt, met de Joy-Pi Advanced kun je je creativiteit de vrije loop laten. Dankzij de compatibiliteit met een groot aantal platformen, waaronder Raspberry Pi, Raspberry Pi Pico, Arduino Nano, BBC micro:bit en NodeMCU ESP32, kun je eenvoudig en snel toegang krijgen tot het platform van je voorkeur. Daarnaast heeft de Joy-Pi Advanced meer dan 30 stations, lessen en modules, waardoor je een onbeperkt aantal manieren hebt om je projecten uit te voeren. Met het zelfontwikkelde leercentrum kun je niet alleen je vaardigheden verbeteren, maar ook nieuwe projecten maken. Het leercentrum biedt een schat aan informatie en tutorials die je stap voor stap door je projecten begeleiden. Joy-Pi Advanced wordt in het bijzonder gekenmerkt door zijn intelligente schakeleenheden, die een uitgebreid gebruik van de beschikbare pinnen mogelijk maken. In totaal zijn er drie schakeleenheden geïntegreerd, elk voorzien van 12 individuele schakelaars die zorgen voor een nauwkeurige aansturing van de aangesloten sensoren en modules. Dit systeem lost het bekende probleem van het beperkte aantal pinnen op dat optreedt bij conventionele microcontrollers. Met de schakeleenheden kun je een groot aantal sensoren en modules parallel aansturen door ze afzonderlijk aan en uit te schakelen. Dit simuleert meervoudige pintoewijzing, waardoor je het volledige vermogen van je projecten kunt benutten zonder afbreuk te doen aan de functionaliteit. Door onze innovatieve adapter boards en het micro:bit slot te combineren, bereiken we naadloze compatibiliteit met een breed scala aan microcontrollers zoals Raspberry Pi Pico, NodeMCU ESP32, micro:mit en Arduino Nano. De speciaal ontwikkelde adapterkaarten zijn zo ontworpen dat ze perfect passen bij de betreffende microcontroller. Door de microcontroller op het juiste adapterboard aan te sluiten en deze vervolgens in het micro:bit slot te steken, wordt de Joy-Pi Advanced snel en eenvoudig compatibel met de verschillende microcontrollers. Dit zorgt voor een naadloze integratie van het platform van je voorkeur en de mogelijkheid om de sterke punten van de verschillende microcontrollers te combineren in je projecten. Op deze manier kun je je volledig richten op je creatieve projecten zonder dat je je zorgen hoeft te maken over de compatibiliteit van verschillende microcontrollers. De Joy-Pi Advanced vereenvoudigt het ontwikkelproces en geeft je de mogelijkheid om je projecten flexibel en individueel te ontwerpen. Kenmerken Sterk geïntegreerd ontwikkelplatform & leercentrum Snel, eenvoudig & draadloos combineren van verschillende sensoren & actuatoren Installatieoptie voor Raspberry Pi 4 Compatibel met verschillende microcontrollers Zelfontwikkeld, didactisch leerplatform voor Raspberry Pi & Windows Specificaties Compatibel met Raspberry Pi 4, Arduino Nano, NodeMCU ESP32, BBC micro:bit, Raspberry Pi Pico Geïnstalleerde sensoren, actuatoren & componenten 39 Leerplatform Meer dan 40 items in de kennisdatabase, 10 projecten, 10 lessen, 14 visies Displays 7-segment display, 16x2 display, 1,8' TFT-display, 0,96" OLED-display, 8x8 RGB-matrix Sensoren DS18B20, schoksensor, hallsensor, barometer, geluidssensor, gyroscoop, PIR-sensor, Lichtbarrière, NTC, Lichtsensor, 6x aanraaksensor, kleurensensor, ultrasone afstandssensor, DHT11 temperatuur- & vochtigheidssensor Controle Joystick, 5x schakelaars, potentiometer, draaiencoder, 4x4 knoppenmatrix, relais, PWM-ventilator Motoren Servo-interface, Stappenmotorinterface, Trilmotor Meet- en conversiemodules Analoog-digitaalomzetter, niveauomzetter, voltmeter, variabele spanningsbron Andere onderdelen RTC real-time klok, zoemer, EEPROM-geheugen, infrarood ontvanger, breadboard, RFID-lezer Adapterkaarten Adapter voor NodeMCU ESP32, Arduino Nano & Raspberry Pi Pico, Board connectors voor Raspberry Pi & externe boards Elektronische onderdelen Infrarood afstandsbediening, RFID-chip, RFID-kaart, 6x krokodillenklemmen, microSD-kaartlezer, servomotor, stappenmotor, 32 GB microSD-kaart Onderdelen 40x weerstanden, 3x groene LED's, 3x gele LED's, 3x rode LED's, 1x transistor, 5x knoppen, 1x potentiometer, 2x condensatoren Andere accessoires Schroevenassortiment, schroevendraaier, accessoire-opbergtas, voeding & voedingskabel, servo bevestiging Stroomvoorziening Ingebouwde voeding: 36 W, 12 V, 3 A Behuizingsconnector: Kleine apparaat stekker C8 Spanningsuitgangen 12 V, 5 V, 3,3 V, variabele spanningsuitgang (2-11 V) Databussen & signaaluitgangen I²C, SPI, Analoog naar digitaal converter Batterij (RTC) CR2032 Afmetingen 327 x 200 x 52 mm Inbegrepen Raspberry Pi 4 (8 GB RAM) Downloads Joy-Pi website Datasheet Manual

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If you can describe it, you can build it AI coding assistants are changing what makers and solopreneurs can build. Tasks that once demanded weeks of learning a new language, framework, or software stack can now be delegated to an AI—provided you know how to describe the job, judge the result, and keep control of the process. The Maker’s Guide to AI Coding is a practical guide to doing exactly that. It explains how to work with AI coding tools as collaborators rather than vending machines, how much to delegate, how to write specifications that produce useful results, and how to recognise hallucinations, context drift, overconfidence, and code that runs but is still wrong. The book is built around four increasingly ambitious projects. You begin with a browser-based RC filter analyser, then develop a live serial data plotter for Arduino and other microcontrollers. Next comes a datasheet questionand- answer tool using retrieval-augmented generation (RAG), followed by a complete multi-user resource booking system with authentication, a database, external services, background jobs, and deployment. No advanced programming background is required. The emphasis is on thinking clearly, guiding the AI, testing what it produces, and preserving the skills needed to evaluate its work. Along the way, you learn development workflow designed to remain useful as tools evolve. If you can describe what you want to build, this book shows you how to turn that description into working software.

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A Beginner's Guide to AI and Edge Computing Artificial Intelligence (AI) is now part of our daily lives. With companies developing low-cost AI-powered hardware into their products, it is now becoming a reality to purchase AI accelerator hardware at comparatively very low costs. One such hardware accelerator is the Hailo module which is fully compatible with the Raspberry Pi 5. The Raspberry Pi AI Kit is a cleverly designed hardware as it bundles an M.2-based Hailo-8L accelerator with the Raspberry Pi M.2 HAT+ to offer high speed inferencing on the Raspberry Pi 5. Using the Raspberry Pi AI Kit, you can build complex AI-based vision applications, running in real-time, such as object detection, pose estimation, instance segmentation, home automation, security, robotics, and many more neural network-based applications. This book is an introduction to the Raspberry Pi AI Kit, and it is aimed to provide some help to readers who are new to the kit and wanting to run some simple AI-based visual models on their Raspberry Pi 5 computers. The book is not meant to cover the detailed process of model creation and compilation, which is done on an Ubuntu computer with massive disk space and 32 GB memory. Examples of pre-trained and custom object detection are given in the book. Two fully tested and working projects are given in the book. The first project explains how a person can be detected and how an LED can be activated after the detection, and how the detection can be acknowledged by pressing an external button. The second project illustrates how a person can be detected, and how this information can be passed to a smart phone over a Wi-Fi link, as well as how the detection can be acknowledged by sending a message from the smartphone to your Raspberry Pi 5.

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Mastering PCB design with real-world projects This book builts on KiCad Like a Pro – Fundamentals and Projects and aims to help you practice your new KiCad skills by challenging you in a series of real-world projects. The projects are supported by a comprehensive set of recipes with detailed instructions on how to achieve a variety of simple and complex tasks. Design the PCBs for a solar power supply, an LED matrix array, an Arduino-powered datalogger, and a custom ESP32 board. Understand the finer details of the interactive router, how to manage KiCad project teams with Git, how to use an autorouter on 2 and 4-layer PCBs, and much more. KiCad 8 is a modern, cross-platform application suite built around schematic and design editors. This stable and mature PCB tool is a perfect fit for electronic engineers and makers. With KiCad 8, you can create PCBs of any complexity and size without the constraints associated with the commercial packages. Here are the most significant improvements and features in KiCad 8, both over and under the hood: Modern user interface, completely redesigned from earlier versions Improved and customizable electrical and design rule checkers Theme editor allowing you to fully customize the look of KiCad on your screen Ability to import projects from Eagle, CADSTART, and more An improved and tightly integrated SPICE circuit simulator Autorouting with the Freerouting plugin Filters define which elements of a layout are selectable Enhanced interactive router helps you draw single tracks and differential pairs with precision New or enhanced tools to draw tracks, measure distances, tune track lengths, etc. Enhanced tool for creating filled zones A customizable coordinate system facilitates data exchange with other CAD applications Realistic ray-tracing capable 3D viewer Differential pair routing Rich repositories of symbol, footprint, and 3D shape libraries Python scripting API for programmatic customization and extensions Improved footprint wizard for fast custom footprints

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This pack contains the LCR45 Passive Component Impedance Meter, great for advanced hobbyists and professionals. It also contains the very popular DCA Pro (model DCA75), fantastic for component identification, pinout identification, detailed characteristic measurement and curve tracing on a PC. Complete with USB cable and software on a USB flash drive. DCA75 Building on the continued success of Peak's existing component identification and analysis instruments, the DCA Pro brings an array of exciting new features for the hobbyist and professional alike. The DCA Pro is an advanced new design that features a graphics display, USB communications, PC Software and an enhanced component identification library. Automatic component type identification Automatic pinout identification (connect any way round) The DCA Pro supports all the components that the popular Peak Atlas DCA55 supports, but adds plenty more. Components supported include: Transistors (including Darlingtons), Silicon and Germanium types. Measures gain, Vbe and leakage MOSFETs, enhancement mode and depletion mode types. Measure on-threshold (at 5 mA) and approx transconductance (for span of 3-5 mA) JFETs, including normally off SiC types. Measures pinch-off voltage (at 1 uA) and approx transconductance (for span of 3-5 mA) IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors). Measures on-threshold (at 5 mA) Diodes and Diode networks LEDs and bicolour LEDs (2 lead and 3 lead types) Zener Diodes with measurement of zener voltage up to 9 V at 5 mA Voltage regulators (measures regulation voltage, drop-out voltage, quiescent current) Triacs and Thyristors that require less than 10 mA of gate current and holding current Stand-alone or with a PC The instrument can be used stand-alone or connected to a PC. Either way, the DCA Pro will automatically identify the component type, identify the pinout and also measure a range of component parameters such as transistor gain, leakage, MOSFET and IGBT threshold voltages, pn characteristics and much more. Curve Tracing When connected to a PC using the supplied USB cable, a range of low current curve-tracing functions can be performed. Various graph types are available, with more to follow: Bipolar transistor output characteristics, IC vs VCE Bipolar transistor gain characteristics, HFE vs VCE Bipolar transistor gain characteristics, HFE vs IC MOSFET and IGBT output function, ID vs VDS MOSFET and IGBT transfer function, ID vs VGS JFET output function, ID vs VDS JFET transfer function, ID vs VGS Voltage regulator, VOUT vs VIN Voltage regulator, IQ vs VIN. PN junction I/V curves, forward and reverse options (for Zener diodes) Curve tracing is performed using test parameters in the range of +/-12 V or +/-12 mA. All curve-tracing data can be instantly pasted into Excel for further graphing and analysis. PC Software is included with the DCA Pro on a Peak USB memory stick. Software designed for Windows 7 and higher (all 32 or 64 bit). LCR45 A great handheld LCR analyser that can measure the value of your passive component (inductor, capacitor or resistor) and also measure the detailed impedance in a number of modes. The LCR45 offers enhanced measurement resolution (better than 0.1 uH!) whilst also giving you continuous fluid measurements. Additionally, the test frequencies of DC, 1 kHz, 15 kHz and 200 kHz can be set to automatic or manual modes. Supplied with removable gold plated hook probes, battery and user guide. Compatible with standard 2 mm test connectors. Not designed for in-circuit use. Automatic or manual component type selection: Inductor, Capacitor or Resistor Automatic or manual test frequency selection: DC, 1 kHz, 15 kHz and 200 kHz Inductance from 0.1 uH to 10 H Capacitance from 0.1 pF to 10,000 uF Resistance from 0.1 Ohm to 2 MOhm Inductance measurement also shows DC winding resistance Display of "Component type and values", "Complex Impedance", "Magnitude/Phase" and "Admittance" Test frequency displayed for all measurements Typical accuracy of 1.5% for inductors and capacitors (see spec table for details) Typical accuracy of 1% for resistors Test lead complete with gold plated 2 mm plugs and sockets Supplied with removable gold plated hook probes Inbegrepen LCR45 DCA75 Extra GP23 Battery Extra AAA cell Dual Carry Case

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Menno van der Veen is well known for his research publications on tube amplifiers used in audio systems. In this book he describes one of his research projects which focuses on the question of whether full compensation for distortion in tubes and output transformers is possible. In the past, a variety of techniques have been developed. One of them has largely been forgotten: trans-conductance, which means converting current into voltage or voltage into current. Menno van der Veen has breathed new life into this technique with his research project titled “Trans”. This book discusses all aspects of this method and discusses its pitfalls. These pitfalls are addressed one by one. The end result is a set of stringent requirements for Trans amplifiers. Armed with these requirements, Menno then develops new Trans amplifiers, starting with Transie 1 and Transie 2. These DC-coupled, single-ended tube amplifiers have unusually good characteristics and are suitable for hobbyist construction. Next the Trans principle is applied to amplifiers with higher output power. A trial-and-error process ultimately leads to the Vanderveen Trans 30 amplifier, which optimizes the features of Trans. The characteristics of this amplifier are so special and unique that Menno believes he has struck gold. To ensure that variations in tube characteristics cannot interfere with optimal Trans behavior, Menno makes use of simulations and comparison with other amplifier types. This book reads like an adventure story, but it is much more – it is an account of solid research into new ways to achieve optimal audio reproduction.

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