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STM32 Nucleo family of processors are manufactured by STMicroelectronics. These are low-cost ARM microcontroller development boards. This book is about developing projects using the popular Nucleo development board. In the early chapters of the book, the architecture of the Nucleo family is briefly described. Software development tools that can be used with the Nucleo boards such as the Mbed, Keil MDK, TrueSTUDIO, and the System Workbench are described briefly in later Chapters. The book covers many projects using most features of the STM32 Nucleo development boards where the full software listings for Mbed and System Workbench are given for every project. The projects range from simple flashing LEDs to more complex projects using modules and devices such as GPIO, ADC, DAC, I²C, LCD, analog inputs and others. In addition, several projects are given using the Nucleo Expansion Boards, including popular expansion boards such as solid-state relay, MEMS and environmental sensors, DC motor driver, Wi-Fi, and stepper motor driver. These Expansion Boards plug on top of the Nucleo development boards and simplify the task of project development considerably. Features of this book Learn the architecture of the STM32 microcontrollers Learn how to use the Nucleo development board in projects using Mbed and System Workbench Toolchains Learn how to use the Nucleo Expansion Boards with the Nucleo development boards Update The Mbed compiler has been replaced with two software packages: The Mbed Studio and Keil Studio Cloud. Both of these software packages are free of charge and are available on the Internet. If you need assistance using the Keil Studio Cloud, please download the Guide below.

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Make your project dreams come true: an odometer for the hamster wheel, a fully automatic control of your ant farm with web interface, or the Sandwich-O-Mat – a machine that toasts and grills sandwiches of your choice. With the Arduino and the DIY or Maker movement, not only did entry into microcontroller programming become child's play, but a second development also took place: Resourceful developers brought small boards – so-called shields or modules – to the market, which greatly simplified the use of additional hardware. The small modules contain all the important electronic parts to be connected to the microcontroller with a few plug-in cables, eliminating the need for a fiddly and time-consuming assembly on the plug-in board. In addition, it is also possible to handle tiny components that do not have any connecting legs (so-called SMDs). Projects Discussed Arduino seeks connection BMP and introduction to libraries, I²C Learn I/O basics with the multi-purpose shield I²C LCD adapter and DOT matrix displays LCD keypad shield Level converter W5100: Internet connection I/O expansion shield Relays and solid-state relays The multi-function shield: A universal control unit Connecting an SD card reader via SPI Keys and 7-segment displays 16-bit ADC MCP4725 DAC 16-way PWM servo driver MP3 player GPS data logger using an SD card Touch sensor Joystick SHT31: Temperature and humidity VEML6070 UV-A sensor VL53L0X time-of-flight Ultrasonic distance meter MAX7219-based LED DOT matrix display DS3231 RTC Port expander MCP23017 433 MHz radio MPU-650 gyroscope ADXL345 accelerometer WS2812 RGB LEDs Power supply MQ-xx gas sensors CO2 gas sensor ACS712 current sensor INA219 current sensor L298 motor driver MFRC522 RFID 28BYJ-48 stepper motor TMC2209 silent step stick X9C10x digital potentiometer ST7735 in a color TFT display e-Paper display Bluetooth Geiger counter SIM800L GSM module I²C multiplexer Controller Area Network

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De OWON XDM1041 is een snelle en uiterst nauwkeurige digitale True RMS tafelmultimeter met een 3,5-inch hoge resolutie LCD-scherm en 55000 counts. Zijn DC-spanningsnauwkeurigheid blijft binnen de 0,05% en hij kan tot 65 meetwaarden per seconde meten. Kenmerken 3,5" hoge resolutie LCD-scherm (480 x 320 pixels) 55000 counts DC-spanningsnauwkeurigheid binnen 0,05% Tot 65 metingen per seconde Ondersteunt dual line display Trendanalyse beschikbaar in de grafiekmodus AC True RMS-metingen (bandbreedte: 20 Hz – 1 kHz) SCPI-ondersteuning: bedien de multimeter op afstand via pc-software via USB-poort Data record functie, waarmee u de gemeten gegevens in het interne geheugen kunt opslaan en vervolgens de geregistreerde gegevens kunt lezen en verwerken met uw computer. Specificaties Meetbereik Resolutie Nauwkeurigheid DC-spanning 50,000 mV 0,001 mV 0,1% +10 500,00 mV 0,01 mV 0,05% +5 5,0000 V 0,0001 V 0,05% +5 50,000 V 0,001 V 0,05% +5 500,00 V 0,01 V 0,1% +5 1000,0 V 0,1 V 0,1% +10 AC-spanning 500 mV~750 V 20 Hz～45 Hz 1% +30 45 Hz～65 Hz 0,5% +30 65 Hz～1 KHz 0,7% +30 DC-stroom 500 uA 0,01 uA 0,15% +20 5000 uA 0,1 uA 0,15% +10 50 mA 0,001 mA 0,15% +20 500 mA 0,01 mA 0,15% +10 5 A 0,0001 A 0,5% +10 10 A 0,001 A 0,5% +10 AC-stroom 500 uA~500 mA 20 Hz～1 KHz 0,5% +20 5 A~10 A 1,5% +20 Weerstand 500 Ω 0,01 Ω 0,15% +10 5 KΩ 0,0001 KΩ 0,15% +5 50 KΩ 0,001 KΩ 0,15% +5 500 KΩ 0,01 KΩ 0,15% +5 5 MΩ 0,0001 MΩ 0,3% +5 50 MΩ 0,001 MΩ 1% +10 Frequentie 10.000 Hz～60 MHz / ±(0,2% +10) Capaciteit 50 nF~500 uF / 2,5% +10 5 mF~50 mF 5% +10 Diode 3,0000 V 0,0001 V / Continuïteit 1000 Ω 0,1 Ω Instelbare drempel Temperatuur K-type, PT100 Maximale weergave 55000 counts Datalogging functie Logging duur 15msZ9999,999s Logging lengte 1.000 meetpunten Display 3,5-inch TFT LCD (480x320 pixels) Power supply 230 V AC netspanning Afmetingen 200 x 88 x 150 mm Gewicht ca. 0,5 kg Inbegrepen 1x OWON XDM1041 Multimeter 1x Netsnoer 2x Meetsnoeren 1x Zekering 1x USB-kabel 1x Handleiding Downloads Programming handleiding PC Software

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Modular and Scalable Control Systems Using Structured Text This book offers a structured and practical approach to modern PLC development using object-oriented principles. It is a guide for engineers, programmers, and students seeking to harness the power of object-oriented programming (OOP) in the context of industrial automation with PLCs. The content focuses on the CODESYS development environment and Structured Text (ST), both of which support modern programming techniques while maintaining compatibility with real-time automation requirements. Through step-by-step demos and instructional examples, it demonstrates how modular, reusable code can enhance development efficiency, simplify ongoing maintenance, and enable scalable and flexible control system architectures. Key topics include: Structured Text fundamentals: conditions, loops, arrays, and functions Object-oriented concepts: classes, methods, and inheritance Advanced techniques: polymorphism, interfaces, and access control Modular design with reusable components and structured program flow Implementation of finite state machines and scalable application design Built around instructional demos and clear explanations, this book helps readers develop maintainable and modern control software in the CODESYS environment using proven programming techniques.

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in 10 captivating lessons Using the lessons in this book you learn how to program a microcontroller. You’ll be using JAL, a free but extremely powerful programming language for PIC microcontrollers, which enjoys great popularity in the hobby world. Starting out from scratch virtually, you slowly build up the knowledge. No previous knowledge is needed: anyone can get started with this book. Assuming you have absorbed all lessons – meaning you have actually completed all the exercises – you should be confident to write PIC microcontroller programs, as well as read and understand programs written by other people. JAL commands You learn the function of JAL commands such as include, pin, delay, forever loop, while loop, case, exit loop, repeat until, if then, as well as the use of functions, procedures and timer- and port interrupts. JAL programs You make an LED blink, build a time switch, measure a potentiometer’s wiper position, produce sounds, suppress contact bounce, and control the brightness of an LED. And of course you learn to debug, meaning: how to spot and fix errors in your programs. Hardware You learn to recognize various components including the PIC microcontroller, potentiometer and quartz crystal, and how to wire up a PIC microcontroller and effectively link it to your PC. A breadboard is used for the purpose, allowing you to easily modify the component arrangement for further experimenting. The companion software with this book can be downloaded free of charge, including the JAL programming language. In addition, you may order a kit of parts so you don’t have to go shopping for the required components. Especially for a beginner, this is the easiest way to start with this unique pastime. Having finished this book does not mean you are through with your pastime. You can get your hands dirty again, and if desired use other books packed with fun projects using the JAL programming language. More information may be found at the end of the lessons in the chapter "Done! What’s next?""

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Ready-to-use devices and self-built Arduino nodes in the 'The Things Network' LoRaWAN has developed excellently as a communication solution in the IoT. The Things Network (TTN) has contributed to this. The Things Network was upgraded to The Things Stack Community Edition (TTS (CE)). The TTN V2 clusters were closed towards the end of 2021. This book shows you the necessary steps to operate LoRaWAN nodes using TTS (CE) and maybe extend the network of gateways with an own gateway. Meanwhile, there are even LoRaWAN gateways suitable for mobile use with which you can connect to the TTN server via your cell phone. The author presents several commercial LoRaWAN nodes and new, low-cost and battery-powered hardware for building autonomous LoRaWAN nodes. Registering LoRaWAN nodes and gateways in the TTS (CE), providing the collected data via MQTT and visualization via Node-RED, Cayenne, Thingspeak, and Datacake enable complex IoT projects and completely new applications at very low cost. This book will enable you to provide and visualize data collected with battery-powered sensors (LoRaWAN nodes) wirelessly on the Internet. You will learn the basics for smart city and IoT applications that enable, for example, the measurement of air quality, water levels, snow depths, the determination of free parking spaces (smart parking), and the intelligent control of street lighting (smart lighting), among others.

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35 Projects for Beginners This book is for hobbyists, students and engineers who want to learn C and how to use an mbed ARM microcontroller in an easy and fun way, without the need for cumbersome software installations. ARM mbed microcontroller NXP LPC1768 The projects in this book are meant for beginners in C and ARM microcontrollers. That doesn't mean the projects are simple, but it does mean that they are easy to understand. We use for example USB communications, a subject that is made so easy by the mbed that it is suitable for a beginners book. Cloud technology The mbed NXP LPC1768 uses cloud technology, a revolutionary concept in software development. This means you do not need to install software on your PC in order to program the mbed! The only thing you need is a browser such as Microsoft Internet Explorer, and a USB port on your PC. You can get access to your project from any PC anywhere in the world and continue working on it. When you are done a few simple mouse clicks transfer the program to your mbed hardware. Of course you can optionally download the projects and store them on your own PC. Features of this Book Learn how to program an mbed ARM microcontroller using cloud technology. No complicated software installation on your PC needed. Learn programming in C by doing fun and interesting projects. No previous experience or knowledge required. Examples of projects in this book: flashing light, timer, light activated switch, digital thermometer, people detector, USB communication, talking microcontroller, debugging, sound switch, and much more - 35 projects in total. Examples of C subjects in this book: variables, commands, functions, program execution, pointers (introduction).

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De OWON HDS2102s is een draagbare 3-in-1 multifunctionele tester, die kan worden gebruikt als een 2-kanaals oscilloscoop met een bandbreedte van 100 MHz, multimeter en signaalgenerator. Het beschikt over een contrastrijk 3,5-inch kleurendisplay dat geschikt is voor onderhoud van buitenfaciliteiten, snelle metingen op locatie, onderhoud van auto's, stroomdetectie, enz. Kenmerken Oscilloscope + multimeter + waveform generator, multifunction in one 3.5-inch high-resolution, high-contrast color LCD display, suitable for outdoor use 18650 lithium battery, can work continuously for 3-6 hours USB Type-C interface, support power bank, support PC software connection Self-calibration function SCPI supported, facilitate secondary development Specificaties Bandwidth 100 MHz Channels 2-ch Oscilloscope + 1-ch Generator Sample Rate 500 MSa/s Acquisition Model Normal, Peak detect Record Length 8K Display 3.5-inch LCD Waveform Refresh Rate 10,000 wfrms/s Input Coupling DC, AC, and Ground Input Impedance 1 MΩ ±2%, in parallel with 16pF ±10pF Probe Attenuation Factors 1X,10X,100X,1000X,10000X Max. input Voltage 400 V (DC+AC, PK-PK, 1MΩ input impedance) (10:1 probe attenuation) Bandwidth Limit (typical) 20 MHz Horizontal Scale 2ns/div - 1000s/div, step by 1 - 2 - 5 Vertical Sensitivity 10mV/div - 10V/div Vertical Resolution 8 bits Trigger Type Edge Trigger Modes Auto, Normal, single Automatic Measurement Frequency, Period, Amplitude, Max, Min, Mean, PK-PK Cursor Measurement ΔV, ΔT, ΔT&ΔV between cursors Communication Interface USB-C Multimeter (Specificaties) Max. Resolution 20,000 counts Testing Mode Voltage, Current, Resistance, Capacitance, Diode, and Continuity test Input Impedance 10 MΩ Max Input Voltage AC 750 V, DC 1000 V Max Input Current DC: 10 A, AC: 10 A Diode 0-2 V Signaalgenerator (Specificaties) Frequency Output Sine 0.1 Hz - 25 MHz Square 0.1 Hz - 5MHz Ramp 0.1 Hz - 1 MHz Pulse 0.1 Hz - 5 MHz Arbitrary 0.1 Hz - 5 MHz Sampling Rate 125 MSa/s Channel 1-ch Amplitude Range (high impedance) 20 mVpp - 5 Vpp Waveform Length 8K Vertical Resolution 14 bits Output Impedance 50Ω Inbegrepen 1x OWON HDS2102s Oscilloscope 1x Power adapter 1x USB cable 1x Passive probes 2x Crocodile clip cable 1x Set of multimeter probes (one red and one black) 1x User manual 1x Probe correction adjustment knife Downloads User Manual Specifications SCPI Protocol Quick Guide Software

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Modular and Scalable Control Systems Using Structured Text This book offers a structured and practical approach to modern PLC development using object-oriented principles. It is a guide for engineers, programmers, and students seeking to harness the power of object-oriented programming (OOP) in the context of industrial automation with PLCs. The content focuses on the CODESYS development environment and Structured Text (ST), both of which support modern programming techniques while maintaining compatibility with real-time automation requirements. Through step-by-step demos and instructional examples, it demonstrates how modular, reusable code can enhance development efficiency, simplify ongoing maintenance, and enable scalable and flexible control system architectures. Key topics include: Structured Text fundamentals: conditions, loops, arrays, and functions Object-oriented concepts: classes, methods, and inheritance Advanced techniques: polymorphism, interfaces, and access control Modular design with reusable components and structured program flow Implementation of finite state machines and scalable application design Built around instructional demos and clear explanations, this book helps readers develop maintainable and modern control software in the CODESYS environment using proven programming techniques.

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Principles, Systems, and Electronics This handbook provides a detailed study of the sensors and actuators at the heart of modern vehicle electronics. It begins with basic electrical and electronic concepts, introducing the principles and terminology essential for understanding automotive systems. The book explores sensors and actuators on a system-by-system basis, including: Fundamentals of electrical engineering, electromagnetic phenomena, and motor principles Passive and active electronic components, integrated circuits, protection devices, and automotive-grade electronics Sensor characteristics, signal conditioning, ADCs, PWM and frequency outputs, and interface adaptation Automotive communication links and protocols, including LIN and SENT Engine sensors: air mass, pressure, temperature, speed, position, exhaust and emissions-related sensors Transmission sensors for manual and automatic systems Steering and suspension sensors for conventional and active systems Vehicle body and electrical system sensors for comfort, climate, access, and monitoring functions Engine actuators such as throttle bodies, injectors, turbo actuators, EGR systems, ignition components, and pumps Transmission, brake, steering, suspension, and body actuators Identification and coding of electronic components and packages commonly used in automotive applications The structure and operating principles of each component are explained, with relevant electronic circuitry illustrated. Its system-oriented organization and practical focus make it a valuable reference for understanding, testing, and troubleshooting automotive electronic systems.

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De OWON ADS900A-serie is een compacte 12-bits digitale oscilloscoop met een snelheid tot 2 GSa/s, een geheugen van 100 Mpts en een bandbreedte van 125/250 MHz. Met zijn 7-inch multi-touch display, FFT, protocoldecodering en geïntegreerde logic analyzer levert hij nauwkeurige signaalanalyse voor toepassingen in het laboratorium, de werkplaats en in het veld. Specificaties ADS914A ADS924A Bandwidth (-3 dB) 125 MHz 250 MHz Channels 4 Max. sample rate 2 GSa/s (single-channel) 1 GSa/s (dual-channel) 500 MSa/s (full-channel) DC Gain Accuracy 3% (≤1 mV) 2% (≥2 mV) Max memory depth 100M Vertical resolution 12 bits Relay time accuracy ±25 ppm (typical) Input Impedance 1 MΩ±2%, parallel with20 pF±5 pF Probe Attenuation Coefficient 1.00μX-1M.00X,step by 1-2-5, support custom Trigger type Edge, Video, Pulse, Slope, Runt, Windows, Timeout, Nth, Logic, RS232/UART, I²C, SPI CAN, LIN Bus decoding RS232/UART, I²C, SPI, CAN, LIN Auto measurement Period, Frequency, +Width, -Width, Rise Time, Fall Time, Scr Duty, +Duty,-Duty, Vavg, Vpp, VRMS, Overshoot, Vmax, Vmin, Vtop, CycRms, Vbase, Vamp, Preshoot, Std Dev, +Pulse Cnt, -Pulse Cnt, Rise Cnt, Fall Cnt, Area, Cyc Area, Delay(A↑-B↑), Delay(A↑-B↓), Delay(A↓-B↑), Delay(A↓-B↓), Phase(A↑-B↑) Phase(A↑-B↓), Phase(A↓-B↑), Phase(A↓-B↓), FRR(A↑-B↑), FRF(A↑-B↓) FFR(A↓-B↑), FFF(A↓-B↓), LRR(A↑-B↑), LRF(A↑-B↓), LFR(A↓-B↑), LFF(A↓-B↓) Waveform Math +, -, *, /, &&, ||, ^, ！, Intg, Diff, Sqrt, Function operation (Lg / Ln / Exp / Abs / Sine / Cosine / Tan), FFT, FFT rms, User Defined, digital filter (low pass, high pass, band pass, band reject) Frequency counter 6-digit frequency counter Maximum frequency: maximum analog bandwidth of oscilloscope Voltmeter Support DC, AC+DCrms, ACrms, Resolution: 4 digits (ACV/DCV) Logical Analyzer Specifications Number of channels 16 input channels (D0-D15) (D0 to D7, D8 to D15) Max. input voltage ±40V peak CAT I, transient overvoltage 800Vpk Input Impedance 100kΩ, 8 pF Vertical resolution 1 bit Other Communication Interface HDMI, USB device, USB Host, Trig Out (P/F), LAN Display 7 inch (1024x600), capacitive multi-touch screen Power supply interface USB-C Dimensions 260 x 160 x 78 mm Weight 1.5 kg Inbegrepen 1x OWON ADS924A Oscilloscoop 1x Voedingsadapter 1x Netsnoer 1x USB-kabel 1x Probe 1x Quick Guide Downloads Manual Quick Guide PC Software

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De OWON HDS272S is de perfecte alles-in-één oplossing!Oscilloscoop, multimeter en signaalgenerator in hetzelfde accu-gevoede apparaat, om overal mee te kunnen werken.Features Oscilloscoop + multimeter + signaalgenerator, multifunctioneel in één apparaat 3,5-inch lcd-kleurenscherm met hoge resolutie en hoog contrast, geschikt voor gebruik buitenshuis 18650 lithium accu, weinig stroomverbruik ≤3 W, kan ongeveer 6 uur continu werken USB Type-C interface, ondersteuning voor powerbank, ondersteuning voor PC-verbinding Zelfkalibratie functie Ondersteunt SCPI, faciliteert secundary development Specificaties Oscilloscoop Bandbreedte 70 MHz Kanalen 2-kanaals oscilloscoop + 1-kanaals generator Sample rate 250 MSa/s Acquisitie model Normaal, Peak detectie Record lengte 8K Beeldscherm 3,5-inch LCD Vernieuwingsfrequentie golfvorm 10.000 wfrms/s Ingang DC, AC en Aarde Input Impedantie 1 MΩ±2%, met parallel 16pF±10pF Probe dempingsfactoren 1x, 10x, 100x, 1000x, 10000x Maximale ingangsspanning 400 V (DC+AC, PK-PK, 1MΩ ingangsimpedantie) (10:1 sondedemping) Bandbreedte limiet (standaard) 20 MHz Horizontale schaal 5 ns/div - 1000 s/div, in stappen van 1 - 2 - 5 Verticale gevoeligheid 10 mV/div - 10 V/div Verticale resolutie 8 bits Trigger type Edge Trigger modi Auto, Normaal, Enkel Automatische meting Periode, Frequentie, Gemiddeld, PK-PK, Max, Min Cursor meting ΔV, ΔT, ΔT&ΔV tussen cursors Communicatie interface USB Type-C Multimeter Maximale resolutie 20.000 counts Testmodus Spanning, Stroom, Weerstand, Capaciteit, Diode en Continuïteit test Ingangsimpedantie 10 MΩ Maximale ingangsspanning AC 750 V, DC 1000V Maximale ingangsstroom DC: 10A , AC: 10A Diode 0-2 V Signaalgenerator Frequentie uitgang Sinus 0,1 Hz - 25 MHz Square 0,1 Hz - 5 MHz Ramp 0,1 Hz - 1 MHz Pulse 0,1 Hz - 5 MHz Arbitrary 0,1 Hz - 5 MHz Sample rate 125 MSa/s Kanalen 1-kanaals Amplitude Bereik 20 mVpp - 5 Vpp Golfvorm lengte 8K Verticale resolutie 14 bits Uitgangs impedantie 50Ω Downloads User Manual for HDS200 Series SCPI Protocol for HDS200 Series Quick Guide for HDS200 Series PC Software for OWON HDS200 Series

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