Construisez votre station météo idéale ou explorez les données environnementales avec le monde entier. Avec de nombreux projets pratiques pour Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU, ESP32 et autres cartes de développement. Les stations météo jouissent d’une grande popularité depuis des décennies. Tous les magazines d’électronique, qu’ils soient récents ou non, ont publié et publient régulièrement des articles sur la construction d’une station météo. Au fil des années, elles sont devenues de plus en plus sophistiquées et peuvent aujourd’hui être entièrement intégrées dans la maison intelligente. Ceci implique toutefois souvent une fidélité à un fabricant de produits de marque (coûteux) pour tous les composants. Cependant, avec votre propre station météo, vous pouvez facilement suivre le rythme et même capturer des relevés que les appareils commerciaux ne peuvent pas réaliser. Le plaisir ne manque pas : vous développerez de manière ludique vos connaissances en électronique, en cartes de développement de microcontrôleurs modernes et en langages de programmation. Pour moins de dix euros, vous pouvez collecter des données environnementales initiales et étendre votre système au fur et à mesure que votre intérêt grandit. Dans ce numéro Sur la route du vent et de la météo Écran météo OpenWeatherMap à affichage fluorescent Les composés organiques volatils dans l‘air que nous respirons Travailler avec les capteurs MQ : mesurer le monoxyde de carbone Détecteur de CO2 avec connexion IdO vers ThingSpeak Un arrosage automatique pour vos plantes Un climat intérieur sain : la température et l‘humidité de l‘air sont importants Thermomètre avec tubes Nixie Une maison météo rétro pour toute la famille Mesurez la pression atmosphérique et la température avec précision Un détecteur de coups de soleil Capteur maison pour la durée d‘ensoleillement Le smartphone l‘indique : brouillard ou bonne visibilité ? Détecter les tremblements de terre Les niveaux des cours d‘eau et des réservoirs Évaluer la valeur du pH de l’eau Détecter les rayonnements radioactifs Avec le GPS, vous savez où se trouve votre capteur Enregistrer les fichiers journaux avec horodatage sur des cartes SD LoRaWAN, The Things Network et ThingSpeak Exploiter la passerelle LoRaWAN pour le TTN Affichage géant à led avec prévisions météo

Lees (+) (–)

L'ESP8266 d'Espressif est une puce Wi-Fi dotée d'une pile TCP/IP complète et d'une capacité de microcontrôleur. Il a fait des vagues dans la communauté des fabricants grâce à son prix bas. Mais de nombreux développeurs étaient mécontents de la consommation électrique élevée de l'ESP8266. L'ESP32, équipé d'un coprocesseur ULP (Ultra Low Power), propose un remède à cela. Cet e-book présente un certain nombre de projets mettant en vedette ESP32 et ESP8266 et démontre leurs performances dans différentes applications. Des articles Journal lumineux défiant512 pilotes LED pour Wi-Fi dotés d'un ESP-12F Regarder avec VFD et ESP32À la précision d'Internet L'ESP32 est idéal pour la consommationProgrammation du coprocesseur ULP Adaptateur de programmation USB pour ESP8266Dans la famille Espressif, je voudrais l'ESP-01 et l'ESP-012 Émulateur DCF77 à ESP8266Des ondes radio à l'internet Thermostat sur le bureau WiFiSurveillance de la température flexible et programmable Minutes pour le thermostat du bureau WiFiSept canaux de temporisation d'une précision atomique Coûteau suisse pour microcontrôleursPlatformIO, un outil de programmation universel Station Météo NucleoInformations mises à jour sur l'affichage sur l'écran LCD AllerNotifierUne interface flexible pour les captureurs d'IdO Regarder RGBChiffreAffiche avec 7 segments et couleur ESP32 pour les utilitaires exigeantsProgrammation avec les outils d'origine Mutation de l'ESP8266Découvrons l'ESP32 avec l'EDI d'Arduino MicroPythonLe Python des petits systèmes MicroPython et PyBoardLa LED qui clignote…Au serveur web qui fait clignoter une LED Machine de surveillance pour ESP8266Domotique pour la transition énergétique WLAN compact et autonomeOu comment utiliser la puce ESP8266 sans µC ESP8266 sur la carte d'entrées/sorties AndroidLancez-vous dans la mise à jour du micrologiciel WLAN pour microcontrôleursAvec la puce ESP8266 Carte de commande Wi-Fi : le retourRelies des objets à votre ordiphone

Lees (+) (–)

AI Projects for the Raspberry Pi with the AI HAT+ Edge AI is transforming everyday devices by putting intelligence where it matters most: directly inside the hardware. With on-device inference, a camera can recognize a visitor instantly, a phone can translate speech without streaming audio to the cloud, and a wearable can detect anomalies in real time—fast, private, and reliable even when the network disappears. This book is your practical guide to building exactly those kinds of systems with the Raspberry Pi AI HAT+ and the Hailo-8L accelerator. You’ll start with clear foundations: core AI and machine-learning concepts, how neural networks work, and what truly distinguishes Edge AI from cloud AI—plus an honest look at ethical considerations and future impacts. Then it’s straight to hands-on physical computing. Step by step, you’ll set up Raspberry Pi OS, power and cooling, and develop in Python using the Thonny IDE. You’ll learn GPIO basics with lights and servos, mount the AI HAT+ hardware, install and verify the Hailo software stack, and connect the right camera—official modules or USB webcams, even multiple cameras. From your first pipeline to real projects, you’ll run person detection, pose estimation, segmentation, and depth estimation, then level up with YOLO object detection: smart alerts, guest counters, and custom extensions. You’ll even connect vision to motion by combining gesture recognition with servo-driven mechanisms, including a robotic arm. With troubleshooting tips, hardware essentials, and a practical Python refresher, this book turns Edge AI from buzzword into buildable reality.

Lees (+) (–)

Programming the Finite State Machine with 8-Bit PICs in Assembly and C Andrew Pratt provides a detailed introduction to programming PIC microcontrollers, as well as a thorough overview of the Finite State Machine (FSM) approach to programming. Most of the book uses assembly programming, but do not be deterred. The FSM gives a structure to a program, making it easy to plan, write, and modify. The last two chapters introduce programming in C, so you can make a direct comparison between the two techniques. The book references the relevant parts of the Microchip datasheet as familiarity with it is the best way to discover detailed information. This book is aimed at Microsoft Windows and Linux users. To keep your costs to a minimum and to simplify the toolchain, specific applications are provided as a free download to enable you to use an FTDI serial lead as the programmer. The assembler used is the open-source "gpasm". All programming can be done in a text editor. There are detailed instructions on how to perform the necessary installations on Windows, Linux Debian, and derivatives such as Ubuntu and Fedora. For programming in C, Microchip's XC8 compiler is used from the command line. In addition to the programming applications, two serial read and serial write applications can be used for communicating with the PICs from a computer. A voltmeter project including practical instructions on building a circuit board from scratch is included. All theory is covered beforehand, including how to do integer arithmetic in assembly. Two PICs are covered: the PIC12F1822 and the PIC16F1823. Both can run at 32 MHz with an internal oscillator. You do not need to buy a factory-made development board and programmer. With relatively inexpensive parts including a serial lead, microcontroller, a few resistors, and LEDs, you can get started exploring embedded programming. Links Updated Programmer

Lees (+) (–)

Build your textbook weather station or conduct environmental research together with the whole world. With many practical projects for Arduino, Raspberry Pi, NodeMCU, ESP32, and other development boards. Weather stations have enjoyed great popularity for decades. Every current and even every long discontinued electronics magazine has regularly featured articles on building your own weather station. Over the years, they have become increasingly sophisticated and can now be fully integrated into an automated home — although this often requires loyalty to an (expensive) brand manufacturer across all components. With your own weather and environmental data, you can keep up and measure things that no commercial station can. It’s also fun: expand your knowledge of electronics, current microcontroller development boards and programming languages in a fun and meaningful way. For less than 10 euros you can get started and record your first environmental data — with time and growing interest, you will continue to expand your system. In this Edition Which Microcontroller Fits My Project? The Right Development Environment Tracking Wind and Weather Weather Display with OpenWeatherMap and Vacuum Fluorescent Display Volatile Organic Compounds in the Air We Breathe Working with MQ Sensors: Measuring Carbon Monoxide — Odorless but Toxic CO2 Traffic Light with ThingSpeak IoT Connection An Automatic Plant Watering System Good Indoor Climate: Temperature and Humidity are Important criteria Classy Thermometer with Vintage Tube Technology Nostalgic Weather House for the Whole Family Measuring Air Pressure and Temperature Accurately Sunburn Warning Device DIY Sensor for Sunshine Duration Simple Smartphone Says: Fog or Clear View? Identifying Earthquakes Liquid Level Measurement for Vessels and Reservoirs Water pH Value Measurement Detecting Radioactive Radiation GPS: Sensor Location Service Across the Globe Saving and Timestamping Log Files on SD Cards LoRaWAN, The Things Network, and ThingSpeak Operating a LoRaWAN Gateway for TTN Defying "Wind and Weather" Mega Display with Weather Forecasz

Lees (+) (–)

This book is for people who want to understand how AC drives (also known as inverter drives) work and how they are used in industry by showing mainly the practical design and application of drives. The key principles of power electronics are described and presented in a simple way, as are the basics of both DC and AC motors. The different parts of an AC drive are explained, together with the theoretical background and the practical design issues such as cooling and protection. An important part of the book gives details of the features and functions often found in AC drives and gives practical advice on how and where to use these. Also described is future drive technology, including a matrix inverter. The mathematics is kept to an essential minimum. Some basic understanding of mechanical and electrical theory is presumed, and a basic knowledge of single andthree phase AC systems would be useful. Anyone who uses or installs drives, or is just interested in how these powerful electronic products operate and control modern industry, will find this book fascinating and informative.

Lees (+) (–)

The Most Iconic Oscilloscopes in Electronics History The 7000 Series was the most iconic family of oscilloscopes in the history of technology. Introduced in 1969 by Tektronix, the sector’s leader at the time, this remarkable line of instruments defined an era and became a benchmark for generations of engineers, researchers, and technicians. Throughout the 1970s and well beyond, 7000-Series oscilloscopes were a constant presence in laboratories, universities, and industrial facilities around the world. Their modular plug-in architecture, exceptional flexibility, and outstanding performance embodied the engineering philosophy that made Tektronix synonymous with accuracy, innovation, and reliability. This book offers an in-depth exploration of the 7000-Series oscilloscopes, combining historical context, technical analysis, and practical insight into their design and restoration. Conceived as a continuation of Tektronix Epic Oscilloscopes, this work expands the subject into two volumes: the first devoted to mainframes and core technologies, the second focused entirely on plug-ins.

Lees (+) (–)

As demand for solar panel installation has risen sharply, especially for installations larger than balcony power plants, the order books of solar companies are full. If you ask for a quote today, you may have to wait a while, if your request isn't simply postponed indefinitely. Another consequence of the solar boom is that some companies are charging very high prices for installations. Yet there is an obvious and radical solution to the problem of excessive prices: Do it yourself, as the English say. The price of materials is currently affordable, and it's the ideal time for those who do the work themselves. They couldn't save more. Add to this the satisfaction of doing something useful, both economically and ecologically, and the pleasure of building yourself. In this special issue, you'll find a wide selection of Elektor assemblies, from solar panel controllers to solar water heaters and solar panel orientation systems. The issue also contains practical information on solar panel installation and the technology behind them. Finally, there are a number of articles on the subject of balcony power plants, from how to install them to how to connect them to the Internet... Contents BASICS Dimensioning Photovoltaic Panel ArraysAn introduction to photovoltaic energy and the commonest techniques,followed by simplified calculation models and setup guidelines. Light Sensor TechnologyMeasuring daylight using LEDs. Solar Power Made SimpleSolar charging with and without a controller. Cable Cross-sections and Energy Losses in Solar SystemsKey considerations on the minimum values to respect for electricalcurrent in solar panel cabling. Solar ModulesEverything you always wanted to know about solar panels... Ideal Diode ControllerDiode Circuits with Low Power Dissipation. TIPS Tracking for Solar Modules zBot Solar/Battery Power Supply Solar Cell Array Charger with Regulator Solar Cell Voltage Regulator Solar-Powered Night Light Alternative Solar Battery Charger PROJECTS Energy LoggerMeasuring and Recording Power Consumption. Tiny Solar SupplySunlight In, 3.3 V Out. A Do-It-Yourself DTURead Data from Small Inverters by μC. Solar ChargerPortable energy for people on the move. Solar Thermal Energy RegulatorMaximum power point tracking explored. 2-amp Maximum Power Tracking ChargerSolar Power To The Max. Computer-driven HeliostatFollow the sun or the stars. Garden LightingUsing solar cells. Solar Panel Voltage Converter for IoT DevicesYes we CAN exploit indoor lighting. Travel ChargerFree power in the mountains. Solar Cell Battery Charger/MonitorWith protection against deep discharge. Solar-powered Battery ChargerPIC12C671 avoids overcharging and deep charging. Converters for Photovoltaic PanelsContributed by TME (Transfer MultisortElektronik). Solar Charging RegulatorFor panels up to 53 watts. Solar-Powered ChargerFor lead-acid batteries. CAN Bus + Arduino for Solar PV Cell MonitoringDetect and locate serviceable panels in large arrays. Balcony Power Plant 2.0The latest: solar panels, installation and inverters

Lees (+) (–)

Menno van der Veen is well known for his research publications on tube amplifiers used in audio systems. In this book he describes one of his research projects which focuses on the question of whether full compensation for distortion in tubes and output transformers is possible. In the past, a variety of techniques have been developed. One of them has largely been forgotten: trans-conductance, which means converting current into voltage or voltage into current. Menno van der Veen has breathed new life into this technique with his research project titled “Trans”. This book discusses all aspects of this method and discusses its pitfalls. These pitfalls are addressed one by one. The end result is a set of stringent requirements for Trans amplifiers. Armed with these requirements, Menno then develops new Trans amplifiers, starting with Transie 1 and Transie 2. These DC-coupled, single-ended tube amplifiers have unusually good characteristics and are suitable for hobbyist construction. Next the Trans principle is applied to amplifiers with higher output power. A trial-and-error process ultimately leads to the Vanderveen Trans 30 amplifier, which optimizes the features of Trans. The characteristics of this amplifier are so special and unique that Menno believes he has struck gold. To ensure that variations in tube characteristics cannot interfere with optimal Trans behavior, Menno makes use of simulations and comparison with other amplifier types. This book reads like an adventure story, but it is much more – it is an account of solid research into new ways to achieve optimal audio reproduction.

Lees (+) (–)

STM32 Nucleo family of processors are manufactured by STMicroelectronics. These are low-cost ARM microcontroller development boards. This book is about developing projects using the popular Nucleo development board. In the early chapters of the book, the architecture of the Nucleo family is briefly described. Software development tools that can be used with the Nucleo boards such as the Mbed, Keil MDK, TrueSTUDIO, and the System Workbench are described briefly in later Chapters. The book covers many projects using most features of the STM32 Nucleo development boards where the full software listings for Mbed and System Workbench are given for every project. The projects range from simple flashing LEDs to more complex projects using modules and devices such as GPIO, ADC, DAC, I²C, LCD, analog inputs and others. In addition, several projects are given using the Nucleo Expansion Boards, including popular expansion boards such as solid-state relay, MEMS and environmental sensors, DC motor driver, Wi-Fi, and stepper motor driver. These Expansion Boards plug on top of the Nucleo development boards and simplify the task of project development considerably. Features of this book Learn the architecture of the STM32 microcontrollers Learn how to use the Nucleo development board in projects using Mbed and System Workbench Toolchains Learn how to use the Nucleo Expansion Boards with the Nucleo development boards Update The Mbed compiler has been replaced with two software packages: The Mbed Studio and Keil Studio Cloud. Both of these software packages are free of charge and are available on the Internet. If you need assistance using the Keil Studio Cloud, please download the Guide below.

Lees (+) (–)

Program, build, and master over 50 projects with MicroPython and the RP2040 microprocessor The Raspberry Pi Pico is a high-performance microcontroller module designed especially for physical computing. Microcontrollers differ from single-board computers, like the Raspberry Pi 4, in not having an operating system. The Raspberry Pi Pico can be programmed to run a single task very efficiently within real-time control and monitoring applications requiring speed. The ‘Pico’ as we call it, is based on the fast, efficient, and low-cost dual-core ARM Cortex-M0+ RP2040 microcontroller chip running at up to 133 MHz and sporting 264 KB of SRAM, and 2 MB of Flash memory. Besides its large memory, the Pico has even more attractive features including a vast number of GPIO pins, and popular interface modules like ADC, SPI, I²C, UART, and PWM. To cap it all, the chip offers fast and accurate timing modules, a hardware debug interface, and an internal temperature sensor. The Raspberry Pi Pico is easily programmed using popular high-level languages such as MicroPython and or C/C++. This book is an introduction to using the Raspberry Pi Pico microcontroller in conjunction with the MicroPython programming language. The Thonny development environment (IDE) is used in all the projects described. There are over 50 working and tested projects in the book, covering the following topics: Installing the MicroPython on Raspberry Pi Pico using a Raspberry Pi or a PC Timer interrupts and external interrupts Analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) projects Using the internal temperature sensor and external temperature sensor chips Datalogging projects PWM, UART, I²C, and SPI projects Using Wi-Fi and apps to communicate with smartphones Using Bluetooth and apps to communicate with smartphones Digital-to-analogue converter (DAC) projects All projects given in the book have been fully tested and are working. Only basic programming and electronics experience is required to follow the projects. Brief descriptions, block diagrams, detailed circuit diagrams, and full MicroPython program listings are given for all projects described. Readers can find the program listings on the Elektor web page created to support the book.

Lees (+) (–)

A Practical Guide to AI, Python, and Hardware Projects Welcome to your BeagleY-AI journey! This compact, powerful, and affordable single-board computer is perfect for developers and hobbyists. With its dedicated 4 TOPS AI co-processor and a 1.4 GHz Quad-core Cortex-A53 CPU, the BeagleY-AI is equipped to handle both AI applications and real-time I/O tasks. Powered by the Texas Instruments AM67A processor, it offers DSPs, a 3D graphics unit, and video accelerators. Inside this handbook, you‘ll find over 50 hands-on projects that cover a wide range of topics—from basic circuits with LEDs and sensors to an AI-driven project. Each project is written in Python 3 and includes detailed explanations and full program listings to guide you. Whether you‘re a beginner or more advanced, you can follow these projects as they are or modify them to fit your own creative ideas. Here’s a glimpse of some exciting projects included in this handbook: Morse Code Exerciser with LED or BuzzerType a message and watch it come to life as an LED or buzzer translates your text into Morse code. Ultrasonic Distance MeasurementUse an ultrasonic sensor to measure distances and display the result in real time. Environmental Data Display & VisualizationCollect temperature, pressure, and humidity readings from the BME280 sensor, and display or plot them on a graphical interface. SPI – Voltmeter with ADCLearn how to measure voltage using an external ADC and display the results on your BeagleY-AI. GPS Coordinates DisplayTrack your location with a GPS module and view geographic coordinates on your screen. BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi 4 CommunicationDiscover how to make your BeagleY-AI and Raspberry Pi communicate over a serial link and exchange data. AI-Driven Object Detection with TensorFlow LiteSet up and run an object detection model using TensorFlow Lite on the BeagleY-AI platform, with complete hardware and software details provided.

Lees (+) (–)

The author, Johan Basse Bergqvist, is an engineer, a musician, and an audiophile with a knack for building projects that produce the desired results. The combination of these skills leads to a uniquely valuable perspective on audio design that is routinely reflected in the book and passed on to the readers. Several design projects are provided, 40 in total. The designs are explained, and the unique features or methods he uses are described in further detail. Each design includes detailed schematics and a complete parts list. Many of the projects also include layout documentation in the form of CAD photos of the PCB layouts. The range of projects is very diverse and includes something that will appeal to everyone. Stereo amplifiers, guitar and bass amplifiers, preamplifiers for phono, and microphones are all covered. Several variants for each type are included, and the power amplifier designs range from a few watts to several hundred watts, which meet almost any power level you might tackle.

Lees (+) (–)

Projects Using Arduino IDE and the LVGL Graphics Library The ESP32 is probably one of the most popular microcontrollers used by many people, including students, hobbyists, and professional engineers. Its low cost, coupled with rich features makes it a popular device to use in many projects. Recently, a board called the ESP32 Cheap Yellow Display (CYD for short) is available from its manufacturers. The board includes a standard ESP32 microcontroller together with a 320x240 pixel TFT display. Additionally, the board provides several connectors for interfaces such as GPIO, serial port (TX/RX), power and Ground. The inclusion of a TFT display is a real advantage as it enables users to design complex graphics-based projects without resorting to an external LCD or graphics displays. The book describes the basic hardware of the ESP32 CYD board and provides details of its on-board connectors. Many basic, simple, and intermediate-level projects are given in the book based on the ESP32 CYD, using the highly popular Arduino IDE 2.0 integrated development environment. The use of both the basic graphics functions and the use of the popular LVGL graphics library are discussed in the book and projects are given that use both types of approaches. All the projects given in the book have been tested and are working. The block diagram, circuit diagram, and the complete program listings and program descriptions of all the projects are given with explanations. Readers can use the LVGL graphics library to design highly popular eye-catching full-color graphics projects using widgets such as buttons, labels, calendars, keypads, keyboards, message boxes, spinboxes, sliders, charts, tables, menus, bars, switches, drop-down lists, animations, and many more widgets.

Lees (+) (–)

There are many so-called 'Arduino compatible' platforms on the market. The ESP8266 – in the form of the WeMos D1 Mini Pro – is one that really stands out. This device includes WiFi Internet access and the option of a flash file system using up to 16 MB of external flash memory. Furthermore, there are ample in/output pins (though only one analogue input), PWM, I²C, and one-wire. Needless to say, you are easily able to construct many small IoT devices! This book contains the following builds: A colourful smart home accessory refrigerator controller 230 V power monitor door lock monitor and some further spin-off devices. All builds are documented together with relevant background information for further study. For your convenience, there is a small PCB for most of the designs; you can also use a perf board. You don’t need to be an expert but the minimum recommended essentials include basic experience with a PC, software, and hardware, including the ability to surf the Internet and assemble PCBs. And of course: A handle was kept on development costs. All custom software for the IoT devices and PCB layouts are available for free download from at Elektor.com.

Lees (+) (–)

Elektronica moeilijk? De titel van dit boek geeft het antwoord! In deze 3-in-1-band wordt de elektronica vanuit de praktijk benaderd. Dat wil zeggen veel praktijk in de vorm van experimenten en een minimum aan theorie. Zo raakt u stap voor stap vertrouwd met de behandelde onderwerpen. Daarbij ontstaan gaandeweg ook een flink aantal praktisch bruikbare schakelingen. Het gaat bij de elektronicahobby tenslotte om het bouwen of uitdenken van allerlei praktische of leuke schakelingen. Aan het eind van elk deel is een aanhangsel opgenomen met aanvullende informatie en de gegevens van een groot aantal elektronische componenten, zodat na dit boek ook eigen ideeën en experimenten kunnen worden aangepakt. In deze 3-in-1-band zijn de eerste drie delen uit de serie “Elektronica echt niet moeilijk” samengevoegd: Deel 1: experimenten met gelijkstroom Deel 2: experimenten met wisselstroom Deel 3: experimenten met digitale techniek

Lees (+) (–)

Valve Amplifiers are regarded by many to be the ne plus ultra when it comes to processing audio signals. The combination of classical technology and modern components has resulted in a revival of the valve amplifier. The use of toraidal-core output transformers, developed by the author over the past 15 years, has contributed to this revival. The most remarkable features of these transformers are their extremely wide frequency ranges and their very low levels of linear and nonlinear distortion. This book explains the whys and wherefores of toroidal output transformers at various technical levels, starting with elementary concepts and culminating in complete mathematical descriptions. In all of this, the interactions of the output valves, transformer and loudspeaker form the central theme. Next come the practical aspects. The schematic diagram of a valve amplifier often appears to be very simple at first glance, but anyone who has built a modern valve amplifier knows that a lot of critical details are hidden behind this apparent simplicity. These are discussed extensively, in connection with designs for amplifiers with output powers ranging from 10 to 100 watts. Finally, the author gives some attention to a number of special valve amplifiers, and to the theory and practice of negative feedback. In summary, this book offers innovative solutions for achieving perfect audio quality. Do-it-yourself builders, as well as persons who want to gain a deeper technical understanding of the complex world of audio transformers, valve amplifiers and audio signal processing, will find this book a rich and useful source of information.

Lees (+) (–)

An Introduction to Real and Reduced-Scale Autonomous Vehicles Want to cut through the hype and get to the core of autonomous and connected vehicles? Then this book is your clear, accessible guide to a complex and fast-moving field. Starting with Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), it walks you through the essential foundations, including Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) – the stepping stones to full autonomy. Explore how self-driving cars mimic human behavior through a loop of perception, analysis, decision, and action. Discover the key functions that make it possible: localization, obstacle detection, driver monitoring, cooperative awareness – and the most challenging of all, trajectory planning, across strategic, tactical, and operational levels. Will vehicles be connected? The debate is on – but the standards are already here. Learn how connectivity, infrastructure, and vehicles can work in synergy through the innovative concept of floating car data (FCD). Dive into real-world implementation: with embedded electronics account-ing for over 30% of a modern vehicle‘s cost, we unpack the architecture, coordination, and tools required to manage the complexity – brought to life with a hands-on case study. To finish, we open the door to the future: building your own 1:10 scale autonomous vehicle. No plug-and-play solutions – just the foundations for a collaborative, creative, and geek-friendly challenge. Let’s drive the future together.

Lees (+) (–)

De low-noise labvoeding van Elektor is een volledig analoge, instelbare, symmetrische unit met gemiddeld vermogen, zonder schakelende of digitale componenten. De uitgangsspanning is instelbaar tussen 0 V en ±22 V, en de uitgangsstroom kan worden ingesteld van 0 A tot 1 A. Doordat elke vorm van schakeltechniek wordt vermeden, levert het ontwerp extreem weinig ruis. Voor de weergave van beide uitgangsspanningen en -stromen worden vier kleine analoge paneelmeters met draaispoel gebruikt. De meeste moderne laboratoriumvoedingen en AC-adapters maken gebruik van schakelende technieken. Zelfs de beste uitvoeringen vertonen onvermijdelijk hoogfrequente rimpel en andere schakelartefacten op hun uitgang, die het testen van gevoelige analoge schakelingen kunnen verstoren en metingen van kleine signalen kunnen beïnvloeden. Om dit te voorkomen, is het concept hier een volledig analoge voeding. Hoewel deze minder efficiënt is dan vergelijkbare schakelende voedingen, is de lagere efficiëntie bij gebruik op de testbank nauwelijks van belang en zorgt deze voor schonere en betrouwbaardere meetresultaten. Omdat veel analoge schakelingen een symmetrische voeding vereisen, levert dit ontwerp positieve en negatieve uitgangsspanningen van gelijke grootte. Een kleine hoeveelheid afregeling is beschikbaar om eventuele onbalans te compenseren. Uiteraard is ook een instelbare stroombegrenzing aanwezig. De kit bevat de onderdelen die nodig zijn om de voeding te bouwen, met uitzondering van de transformatoren. Specificaties Uitgangsspanning 0…+22 V, 0, −22 V Uitgangsstroom 0…+1 A, 0…−1 A Ruis −85 dBV (bij 0,95 A/20 V, B = 22 kHz) −84 dBV (bij 0,95 A/20 V, B > 500 kHz) Rimpelspanning 50 µVRMS (bij 950 mA/20 V, B = 22 kHz, voornamelijk 100-Hz-component) Inbegrepen 3x printplaten: regelaar (PCB-1), netfilter (PCB-2) en transformator (PCB-3) Alle componenten, behalve de AC-transformatoren 4x draaispoelmeters Extra onderdelen voor de bedrading (draden, banaanstekkerbussen, IEC-voedingsmodule, enz.) Niet inbegrepen De drie AC-transformatoren Een behuizing Onderdelenlijst Voor de regelaar-printplaat (240386-1) Weerstanden (250 mW, 1%) R1 = 12 Ω R2, R8, R37, R62 = 1 MΩ R3, R7, R10, R13, R17, R20, R22, R30, R35, R42, R45, R47, R55, R60 = 100 Ω, 600 mW R4, R5 = 4.7 kΩ R6 = 100 kΩ R9, R12, R14, R36, R38, R39, R61, R63, R66, R72, R78, R79 = 10.0 kΩ, 600 mW R11 = 9.76 kΩ, 600 mW R15, R40 = 44.2 kΩ, 600 mW R16, R41, R77 = 1 kΩ R18, R43 = 1.5 kΩ, 1 W, 5% R19, R44 = 470 Ω, 1 W, 5% R21, R46 = 330 Ω, 600 mW R23, R24, R48, R49 = 1.0 Ω, 1 W R25, R50 = 1 kΩ, 1 W, 5% R26, R28, R51, R53 = 1.000 kΩ 0.1%, 15 ppm/C R27, R29, R52, R54 = 10.00 kΩ 0.1%, 15 ppm/C R31, R56 = 1.2 kΩ, 1 W, 5% R32, R57 = 47 kΩ R33, R58 = 270 Ω R34, R59 = 27 kΩ R64, R69 = 12.0 kΩ R65 = 3.0 kΩ, 600 mW R67, R80 = 470 Ω, 600 mW R68, R70 = 6.8 kΩ, 600 mW R71 = 30.0 kΩ,, 600 mW R73, R74, R75, R76 = 10 MΩ P1, P2, P3 = 10 kΩ, 200 mW, 20%, potentiometer, 1 turns, single, lin., panel mount P4, P5 = 500 Ω, 500 mW, 10%, trimmer, 25 turns, 3296Y-1-501LF Bourns P6, P7 = 10 kΩ, 500 mW, 10%, trimmer, 25 turns, 3296Y-1-501LF Bourns Condensatoren C1 = 100 nF, 50 V, 10%, ceramic X7R, LS 5 mm C2, C3, C6, C7, C30 = 10 µF, 63V, 20%, LS 2.5 mm, 3000hours@105°C C4, C5, C8, C9, C13, C14, C18, C19, C23, C24, C28, C29, C31, C32, C38, C39 = 100 nF, 250 V, 10%, PET, LS 7.5 mm C10, C20 = 47 nF, 100 V, 5%, PET, LS 5 mm C11, C21 = 10 nF, 100 V, 5%, PET, LS 5 mm C12, C22 = 220 µF, 35 V, 20%, 0.024 Ω, LS2.5/3.5 mm, Ir 3.4 A, 2000hours@125°C, polymer C15, C25 = 120 µF, 50 V, 20%, ESR 0.02 Ω, Diam. 10 mm max., LS 5 mm C16, C26 = 15 nF, 100 V, 5%, PET, LS 5 mm C17, C27 = 47 nF, 100 V, 5%, PET, LS 5 mm C33, C34 = 22 µF, 50 V, 20%, LS 2 mm, 10000 hours @ 105°C C35, C36, C44, C45 = 1 µF, 100 V, 10%, LS 5 mm, ceramic X7R C37 = 100 uF, 50 V, 20%. LS 3.5 mm C40, C41, C42, C43, C46, C47, C48, C49 = 1000 µF, 50 V, 20%, LS 5/7.5 mm, Ir 3.32 A, 10000hours@105°C, D 16 mm C50, C51, C52, C53 = 47 nF, 100 V, 10%, ceramic X7R, LS 5 mm Spoelen L1, L2 = 4.7 µH, 3.2 A, 0.033 Ω, LS 5 mm, RLB0914-4R7ML Bourns L3 = Commom mode choke, 14.5 mH, 3 A, SSRH24NH-30145 Kemet Halfgeleiders D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D9, D10, D11, D15 = BAT85, DO-34 D6, D7, D12, D13 = SR560, DO-201AD D8, D14, D16 = 1N4148, DO-35 D17 = Zenerdiode, 5.6 V, 0.5 W, DO-41 D18, D19 = 1N4004, DO-41 D20, D21 D22, D23 = V30100CI-M3/P, dual common cathode, TO-220 D24 = Zener diode, 30 V, 1 W, DO-41 LED1, LED2 = LED, red, T-1 (3 mm) LED3, LED4 = LED, green, T-1 (3 mm) TVS1, TVS2 = BZW50-33B, R6 T1, T2, T4 = BC337.25, TO-92 T3 = NJW0302G, TO-3P T5, T6, T8 = BC327.25, TO-92 T7 = NJW0281G, TO-3P T9 = BD139, TO-126 (SOT-32) IC1 = LM334Z, TO-92 IC2 = LM4040AIZ-5.0/NOPB, TO-92 (TO-226AA-3) IC3, IC4 = OPA2992IDR, SOIC-8 IC5, IC6 = OPA4992IDR, SOIC-14 IC7 = OPA992IDBVR, SOT-23-5 IC8 = LM339N, DIP-14 IC9 = LM317, TO-220 IC10 = LM337, TO-220 Overige F1, F2 = 5×20 mm fuse, 1.6 A, fast acting HS1, HS2 = Heatsink MC33271 (for T3/T7), 2.7°C/W, PCB mount, height 63.5 mm K1, K4 = 3-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max. 1.5 mm² K2, K3 = 3-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max. 1 mm² M1, M3 = Moving coil meter, Range 30 V, type 91C4, 45×45 mm M2, M4 = Moving coil meter, Range 1 A, type 91C4, 45×45 mm² RE1 = Relay DPDT,5V, UA2-5NU Diversen 3× 3-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max. 1 mm² (for P1, P2, P3) 4× Pin header, 1×2, vertical, pitch 2.54 mm (for LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4) 4× Pin socket, 1×2, vertical. pitch 2.54 mm (for LED1, LED2, LED3, LED4) 2× Heatsink FK222SA220, 20°C/W, PCB mount (for IC9 & IC10) 2× Mica thermal pad for TO-220, 12×18×0.05 mm (for IC9 & IC10) 2× Insulating bushing IB 6, TO-220 (for IC9 & IC10) 2× Ceramic thermal pad, 23×20×2 mm (for T3 & T7) 2× PCB Fuse Holder, for 5×20 mm fuse, 10 A (for F1, F2) 2× Cover for PCB Fuse Holder, transparent (for F1, F2) 2× 2-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max. 1 mm² (for M1 & M3) 2× 2-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max. 1.5 mm² (for M2 & M4) 8× M3 solder lug, thickness 0.35 mm (for M1…M4) M4 solder lug, thickness 0.35 mm (to connect 4 mm banana connectors) Screened cable, 1 pair, 2×24 AWG/0.22 mm², 1 m (for P1, P2 & P3) IC socket, DIP, 14 contacts (for IC8) M3 washer, plain, steel M3 screw, 16 mm, steel, pan head M3 nut M3 spring washer 50 mm M3 standoff, steel, male-female 12 mm M3 standoff, steel, male-female 10 mm M3 standoff, steel, male-female M3 screw, 8 mm, steel, pan head Voor de netfilter-printplaat (240386-2) Weerstand R1 = 220 kΩ, 1 W, 500 V, 5% Condensatoren C1, C2 = 470 nF, 305 VAC, Class X2, 11 × 27 mm max., LS 15/22.5 mm C3, C4, C5, C6 = 2.2 nF, 300 VAC, Class Y2, 13 × 4 mm, LS 10 mm, PP Spoelen L1, L2 = Common-mode choke, 6.8 mH, 1.7 A, TDK B82732R2172B030 Halfgeleider MOV1 = TVS varistor, 300 VAC, S14K300 (230 VAC, B72214S0301K101) and SK14K150 (150 VAC, B72214S0151K101) Overige K1, K2 = 3-way screw terminal block, LS 7.62 mm F1 = Time-delay fuse, 0.5 A (230 VAC) or 1 A (115 VAC) Diversen 1× Fuse holder, 5×20 mm, 10 A, 500 VAC 1× Transparent fuse cover 4× 10 mm M3 standoff, steel, male–female 4× M3 screw, 8 mm, steel, pan head 4× M3 nut Voor de transformator-printplaat (240386-3) Weerstanden R1, R2 = 2.7 kΩ, 600 mW, 1% R3 = 10.0 kΩ, 600 mW, 1% Condensator C1 = 220 µF, 50 V, 20%, Ø10 mm, LS 5 mm, 4000 h @ 105°C Transformatoren (niet inbegrepen in deze kit!) TR1, TR2, TR3 = 2×7 V, 25 VA, PCB-mounted toroid, 70060K Talema Halfgeleiders D1–D4 = 1N4148, DO-35 D5, D6 = 1N4004, DO-41 D7 = Zener 5.6 V, 1.3 W, DO-41 LED1 = LED, red, T-1 (3 mm) IC1, IC2 = MOC8021M, CTR ≥ 1000%, DIP-6 Overige F1, F2, F3 = 160 mA time-delay fuse (230 VAC) or 315 mA time-delay fuse (115 VAC) K1 = 2-way screw terminal block, LS 7.62 mm K2 = 3-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max 1.5 mm² K3, K4 = 3-way screw terminal block, LS 3.5 mm, max 1 mm² RE1, RE2 = Relay DPDT, 5 A/250 VAC / 24 VDC Diversen 1× Pin header 1×2, pitch 2.54 mm + matching socket for LED1 3× Fuse holder 5 × 20 mm, 10 A, 500 VAC + transparent cover 3× M4 screw, 8 mm, pan head + washer for TR1-TR3 8× M3 screw, 8 mm, pan head + nut + washer 8× 10 mm M3 standoff, steel, male–female 2× IC socket, DIP-6 for IC1 & IC2 Extra onderdelen 1 m red insulated wire, stranded, 1.5 mm² 0.5 m blue insulated wire, stranded, 1.5 mm² 0.5 m black insulated wire, stranded, 1.5 mm², 0.5 m 2 m red insulated wire, stranded, D 0.56 mm (0.25 mm²) 2 m black insulated wire, stranded, D 0.56 mm (0.25 mm²) 0.5 m Multicore Cable, Flexible, 3 Core, 0.75 mm² (24 x 0.2 mm) Red banana socket Black banana socket Blue banana socket Green banana socket IEC Power Entry Module with switch, IEC C14 3 crimp terminals, FASTON, 4.75 x 0.81 mm 3 knobs Links Elektor Labs JumpStarter Page Artikel (deel 1) Artikel (deel 2)

Lees (+) (–)

As demand for solar panel installation has risen sharply, especially for installations larger than balcony power plants, the order books of solar companies are full. If you ask for a quote today, you may have to wait a while, if your request isn't simply postponed indefinitely. Another consequence of the solar boom is that some companies are charging very high prices for installations. Yet there is an obvious and radical solution to the problem of excessive prices: Do it yourself, as the English say. The price of materials is currently affordable, and it's the ideal time for those who do the work themselves. They couldn't save more. Add to this the satisfaction of doing something useful, both economically and ecologically, and the pleasure of building yourself. In this special issue, you'll find a wide selection of Elektor assemblies, from solar panel controllers to solar water heaters and solar panel orientation systems. The issue also contains practical information on solar panel installation and the technology behind them. Finally, there are a number of articles on the subject of balcony power plants, from how to install them to how to connect them to the Internet... Contents BASICS Dimensioning Photovoltaic Panel ArraysAn introduction to photovoltaic energy and the commonest techniques,followed by simplified calculation models and setup guidelines. Light Sensor TechnologyMeasuring daylight using LEDs. Solar Power Made SimpleSolar charging with and without a controller. Cable Cross-sections and Energy Losses in Solar SystemsKey considerations on the minimum values to respect for electricalcurrent in solar panel cabling. Solar ModulesEverything you always wanted to know about solar panels... Ideal Diode ControllerDiode Circuits with Low Power Dissipation. TIPS Tracking for Solar Modules zBot Solar/Battery Power Supply Solar Cell Array Charger with Regulator Solar Cell Voltage Regulator Solar-Powered Night Light Alternative Solar Battery Charger PROJECTS Energy LoggerMeasuring and Recording Power Consumption. Tiny Solar SupplySunlight In, 3.3 V Out. A Do-It-Yourself DTURead Data from Small Inverters by μC. Solar ChargerPortable energy for people on the move. Solar Thermal Energy RegulatorMaximum power point tracking explored. 2-amp Maximum Power Tracking ChargerSolar Power To The Max. Computer-driven HeliostatFollow the sun or the stars. Garden LightingUsing solar cells. Solar Panel Voltage Converter for IoT DevicesYes we CAN exploit indoor lighting. Travel ChargerFree power in the mountains. Solar Cell Battery Charger/MonitorWith protection against deep discharge. Solar-powered Battery ChargerPIC12C671 avoids overcharging and deep charging. Converters for Photovoltaic PanelsContributed by TME (Transfer MultisortElektronik). Solar Charging RegulatorFor panels up to 53 watts. Solar-Powered ChargerFor lead-acid batteries. CAN Bus + Arduino for Solar PV Cell MonitoringDetect and locate serviceable panels in large arrays. Balcony Power Plant 2.0The latest: solar panels, installation and inverters

Lees (+) (–)

Elektronica is spannend. Het is een hobby die zowel leuk als leerzaam is. Het stelt je in staat om thuis of op het werk nieuwe en nuttige vaardigheden te leren. Een ervaren elektronicus ontwerpt zijn eigen schakelingen, en brengt zijn projecten tot leven. Maar voordat je zover bent, moet je eerst de basis onder de knie krijgen. Daarom brengt dit boek een groot aantal inleidende artikelen samen die in het elektronicatijdschrift Elektor zijn gepubliceerd. Het is je metgezel bij het leerproces in de wereld van de elektronica. Het begint allemaal met analoge elektronica. Je zult de eenvoudigste componenten en circuits ontdekken om te begrijpen hoe ze werken, hoe ze op elkaar inwerken en de mogelijke problemen. De beste manier om vooruitgang te boeken is door echte experimenten uit te voeren, want theorie is niet genoeg. Dit boek begeleid je in een groot aantal praktische projecten voor beginners. Door ze te maken, doe je veel ervaring en kennis op. Het tweede deel van het boek neemt je mee in de wereld van de digitale elektronica. De auteur bespreekt het gebruik van microcontrollers. Taken die voorheen werden uitgevoerd door discrete componenten of conventionele geïntegreerde schakelingen worden nu uitgevoerd door microcontrollers. De programmeertaal BASCOM, maar ook platforms als Arduino, BBC micro:bit en andere, maken dit leerproces veel gemakkelijker. Dit boek beschrijft in detail vele toepassingen van microcontrollers, die betaalbaar zijn voor de beginner. Hier gaan programmeren en solderen hand in hand!

Lees (+) (–)

ÉLECTRICITÉ PHOTOVOLTAÏQUE = ÉLECTRICITÉ GRATUITE Nous sommes désormais plus qu'heureux de poursuivre nos recherches sur notre propre autonomie et de veiller à ce que notre production électrique photovoltaïque soit appropriée ! D'abord on en rêve, puis vient l'étape du calcul : comparer le coût du kilowattheure d'origine du nucléaire (environnement à partir de centimes d'euro) et le calcul du kilowattheure d'origine photovoltaïque (l'environnement de 22 centimes de l'euro*), et nous saurons où en sont nos motivations d'écocitoyens. Gérard Guihéneuf, l'auteur de ce nouveau livre, pense qu'il ne faut pas se contenter d'aligner chiffres et idées. La nouvelle approche du processus de création d'entreprise se base sur la compréhension et les dimensions des installations des bâtiments domestiques dans le domaine public en 2009 et sur l'actualité des techniques et pratiques de réponse aux questions qui se posent lors de l'électrification des le site isolé ! La conception de projets simples, comme un contexte domestique, et d'un commentaire électrique standard, comme un système d'énergie photovoltaïque, trois emplacements réguliers : un abri dans le jardin, un garage et un mobil-home. L'économie est spectaculaire lorsqu'il s'agit de composants électroniques et d'assemblages de certains constituants essentiels, car les régulateurs de charge, les onduleurs et les panneaux solaires ne suffisent pas à l'entretien autonome du site. Si vous souhaitez en savoir plus sur l'électrification professionnelle de votre chantier, vous pouvez en savoir plus sur les dimensions des éléments constitutifs sans sacrifier l'efficacité ! Vous pouvez également utiliser la copie du Gerber et du Sprint Layout pour les circuits imprimés de la livrée. *avec les batteries en cours de reconditionnement lors de la panne photovoltaïque en cours et dans les vingt-cinq

Lees (+) (–)

A Guide to Powerful Programming for Embedded Systems You must be a well-rounded professional to excel in the ever-evolving, rapidly developing embedded design and programming industry. Simply put, when it comes to electronics design and programming, the more topics you can master, the more you’ll flourish at your workplace and at your personal workbench. This shouldn’t be a surprise, as the line between the skills of a hardware engineer and software engineer is blurring. The former should have a good grasp of programming in order to build efficient systems. The latter should understand the details of the design (whether it’s a physical or virtual application) for which he or she is writing code. Thus, to be successful, a modern professional electronics engineer must have a solid grasp of both hardware design and programming. Assembly Language Essentials is a matter-of-fact guide to Assembly that will introduce you to the most fundamental programming language of a processor. Unlike other resources about Assembly that focus exclusively on specific processors and platforms, this book uses the architecture of a fictional processor with its own hardware and instruction set. This enables you to consider the importance of Assembly language without having to deal with predetermined hardware or architectural restrictions. You’ll immediately find this thorough introduction to Assembly to be a valuable resource, whether you know nothing about the language or you have used it before. The only prerequisite is that you have a working knowledge of at least one higher-level programming language, such as C or Java. Assembly Language Essentials is an indispensible resource for electronics engineering professionals, academics, and advanced students looking to enhance their programming skills. The book provides the following, and more: An introduction to Assembly language and its functionality Significant definitions associated with Assembly language, as well as essential terminology pertaining to higher-level programming languages and computer architecture Important algorithms that may be built into high-level languages, but must be done the “hard way” in Assembly language — multiplication, division, and polynomial evaluation A presentation of Interrupt Service Routines with examples A free, downloadable Assembler program for experimenting with Assembly

Lees (+) (–)

Space, the final frontier, will become more and more popular. The space industry is continually growing and new products and services will be required. Innovation is needed for the development of this industry. Today it is no longer possible to follow all the events in field of space. The space market is growing and activities are increasing, especially the market for small-satellites. This book wants to help close the gap and encourage electronic engineers to enter into the fascinating field of space electronics. One of the main difficulties is finding people with knowledge of space electronics design. Nowadays companies have to invest a lot of time and resources to instruct electronic engineers with no experience of space. Only a brief and basic introduction of this topic is typically achieved at university in space engineering lectures. Professionals with practical experience and the necessary theoretical knowledge are scarce. Companies from the space sector are searching for staff with knowledge of space electronics. This book will bring space closer aspiring to the space electronic hobbyists.

Lees (+) (–)